a) Ta có: 3n3 + 10n2 - 5 = 3n3 + n2 + 9n2 + 3n - 3n - 1 - 4 =
(3n + 1)(n2 + 3n - 1) - 4
Vì (3n + 1)(n2 + 3n - 1) \(⋮3n+1\left(\forall n\in Z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow-4⋮3n+1\)
\(\Rightarrow3n+1\inƯ\left(-4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3n+1\in\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow n\in\left\{0;\pm1\right\}\)
b) Ta có: 10n2 + n - 10 = 10n2 - 10n + 9n - 9 - 1 =
(n - 1)(10n + 9) - 1
Vì (n - 1)(10n + 9) \(⋮n-1\left(\forall n\in Z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow-1⋮n-1\)
\(\Rightarrow n-1\inƯ\left(-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n-1\in\left\{\pm1\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow n\in\left\{0;2\right\}\)