a, \(\left(x-1\right)^5=-243\)
=> \(\left(x-1\right)^5=\left(-3\right)^5\)
=> x-1= -3
=> x= -2
b, \(\dfrac{x+2}{11}+\dfrac{2+x}{12}+\dfrac{x+2}{13}=\dfrac{2+x}{14}+\dfrac{x+2}{15}\)
=> \(\dfrac{x+2}{11}+\dfrac{2+x}{12}+\dfrac{x+2}{13}-\dfrac{2+x}{14}+\dfrac{x+2}{15}=0\)
=>\(\dfrac{x+2+2+x+x+2-2+x+x+2}{11+12+13-14+15}\)
=> \(\dfrac{x+2}{37}=0\)
=> x+2= 0
=> x=-2