a) \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{dd}\cdot C\%}{100\%}=\dfrac{100\cdot14,6}{100}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Lập tỉ lệ :
\(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}=0,1\)
\(\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\)
Ta thấy : \(\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}>\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}\left(0,2>0,1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) HCl dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n\cdot22,4=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c ) \(n_{HClpu}=n_{Zn}\cdot\dfrac{2}{1}=0,1\cdot\dfrac{2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCldu}=0,4-0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCldu}=n\cdot M=0,2\cdot36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=n\cdot M=0,1\cdot136=13,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,1\cdot2=0,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsaupu}=m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}-m_{H_2}=6,5+100-0,2=106,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCldu}=\dfrac{7,3\cdot100\%}{106,3}=6,87\%\)
\(C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{13,6\cdot100\%}{106,3}=12,79\%\)