`A = x^2 - 2x +1`
`=> A = (x-1)^2`
ta có `(x-1)^2 ≥0∀x`
`=> A ≥0∀x`
Dấu '=' xảy ra `<=> x-1=0 <=> x = 1`
B = x^2 + x + 1`
`=> B = x^2 + 2*x*1/2 + 1/4 + 3/4`
`=> B = (x+1/2)^2 + 3/4`
ta thấy `(x+1/2)^2 ≥0∀x`
`=> (x+1/2)^2 + 3/4 ≥3/4 ∀x`
`=> B≥ 3/4 ∀x`
Dấu '=' xảy ra `<=> x = -1/2`
`C =4x^2 + 4x -5 `
`=> C = (2x)^2 + 2*2x*1 + 1 -6`
`=> C = (2x +1)^2 - 6`
Ta thấy : `(2x+1)^2 - 6≥-6∀x`
`=> C ≥ -6 ∀x`
Dấu '=' xảy ra `<=> 2x +1=0 <=> x = -1/2`
`D= (x-3)(x+5) +4`
`=> D = x^2+2x - 15 +4`
`=> D = x^2 + 2x -11`
`=> D = x^2 + 2*x*1 + 1-12`
`=> D = (x+1)^2 -12`
Ta thấy `(x+1)^2 - 12 ≥-12∀x`
`=> D ≥-12∀x`
Dấu '=' xảy ra `<=> x=-1`
`E = x^2 - 4x + y^2 - 8y + 6`
`=> E = x^2 - 2*x*2 + 4 + y^2 - 2*y*4 + 16 - 14`
`=> E = (x-2)^2 + (y-4)^2 - 14`
Ta thấy : `(x-2)^2 + (y-4)^2 - 14 ≥-14 ∀x`
`=> E ≥ -14 ∀x`
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x-2=0\\ y-4=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x=2\\ y=4\end{cases}\)