Theo Bunhiacopski ta luôn có:

\(\left(x-y\right)^2=\left[1\cdot x+\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)\cdot2y\right]^2\le\left(1^2+\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(x^2+4y^2\right)=\frac{5}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|x-y\right|\le\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x,y,z\right)\)

\(x+y+z\ge\frac{x^2+2xy}{2x+y}+\frac{y^2+2yz}{2y+z}+\frac{z^2+2zx}{2z+x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3xy}{2x+y}+\frac{3yz}{2y+z}+\frac{3zx}{2z+x}\)

\(\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{3}{9}xy\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(x+2y\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\left[\left(x+2y\right)+\left(y+2z\right)+\left(z+2x\right)\right]=x+y+z\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z

Theo bài ra ta có: \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}=1\Rightarrow x+y+z=xyz\)

Do:\(\sqrt{yz\left(1+x^2\right)}=\sqrt{yz+x^2yz}=\sqrt{yz+x\left(x+y+z\right)}=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)

Tương tự: \(\sqrt{xy\left(1+z^2\right)}=\sqrt{\left(z+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\);

\(\sqrt{zx\left(1+y^2\right)}=\sqrt{\left(z+y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(A=\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{yz\left(1+x^2\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{zx\left(1+y^2\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{xy\left(1+z^2\right)}}\)

\(A=\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}.\frac{x}{x+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{x+y}.\frac{y}{y+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{x+z}.\frac{z}{y+z}}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô si \(\frac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\), dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)

Ta có \(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}.\frac{x}{x+z}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)\);

\(\sqrt{\frac{y}{x+y}.\frac{y}{y+z}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{y}{y+z}\right)\);

\(\sqrt{\frac{z}{x+z}.\frac{z}{y+z}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{z}{x+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}\right)\)

\(A\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{y}{y+x}+\frac{z}{y+z}+\frac{z}{x+z}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)

Vậy \(A\le\frac{3}{2}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)

Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 2 số không âm :

\(x^2+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt[2]{\frac{x^2}{x}}=2.\sqrt{x}\)

\(y^2+\frac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt[2]{\frac{y^2}{y}}=2.\sqrt{y}\)

Cộng vế với vế ta được :

\(x^2+y^2+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge2.\sqrt{x}+2.\sqrt{y}=2\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)

Vậy ta có điều phải chứng mình 

Ta đi chứng minh:\(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)* đúng *

Khi đó:

\(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+abc}\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc}=\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

Tương tự:

\(\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+abc}\le\frac{a}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)};\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+abc}\le\frac{b}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow LHS\le\frac{a+b+c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{abc}\)

Trời ạ cay vãi shit đánh máy xong rồi tự nhiên bấm hủy T.T bài 1 ngắn đã đành ......

\(WLOG:a\ge b\ge c\)

Ta dễ có:\(\frac{a}{b+c+1}+\frac{b}{c+a+1}+\frac{c}{a+b+1}\)

\(\le\frac{a}{b+c+1}+\frac{b}{b+c+1}+\frac{c}{b+c+1}\)

\(=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+1}\)

Ta cần chứng minh:

\(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+1}+\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\le1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\left(b+c+1\right)\le1+b+c\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\left(1+b+c\right)\le1-a\) ( 1 )

Mà theo AM - GM :

\(\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\left(1+b+c\right)\le\left(\frac{1-b+1-c+1+b+c}{3}\right)^3=1\)

Khi đó ( 1 ) đúng

Vậy ta có đpcm

Nếu bài toán trở thành

\(\frac{a}{bc+2}+\frac{b}{ca+2}+\frac{c}{ab+2}+\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\le1\) thì bài toán khó định hướng hơn rất nhiều :D

1.

\(6=\frac{\sqrt{2}^2}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{3}^2}{y}\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{x+y}=\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{x+y}\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y\ge\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{6}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{y}{\sqrt{3}}\\x+y=\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tự giải hệ tìm điểm rơi nếu thích, số xấu quá

2.

\(VT\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{81}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}}\)

Đặt \(x+y+z=t\Rightarrow0< t\le1\)

\(VT\ge\sqrt{t^2+\frac{81}{t^2}}=\sqrt{t^2+\frac{1}{t^2}+\frac{80}{t^2}}\ge\sqrt{2\sqrt{\frac{t^2}{t^2}}+\frac{80}{1^2}}=\sqrt{82}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)

3.

\(\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{a^3}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{a^6}{b^{15}.a^6}}=\frac{5}{b^3}\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{3b^2}{c^5}+\frac{2}{b^3}\ge\frac{5}{a^3}\) ; \(\frac{3c^2}{d^5}+\frac{2}{c^3}\ge\frac{5}{d^3}\) ; \(\frac{3d^2}{a^5}+\frac{2}{d^2}\ge\frac{5}{a^3}\)

Cộng vế với vế và rút gọn ta được: \(3VT\ge3VP\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=d=1\)

4.

ĐKXĐ: \(-2\le x\le2\)

\(y^2=\left(x+\sqrt{4-x^2}\right)^2\le2\left(x^2+4-x^2\right)=8\)

\(\Rightarrow y\le2\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow y_{max}=2\sqrt{2}\) khi \(x=\sqrt{2}\)

Mặt khác do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-2\\\sqrt{4-x^2}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x+\sqrt{4-x^2}\ge-2\)

\(y_{min}=-2\) khi \(x=-2\)

5.

\(\frac{a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}}{ab}=\frac{1.\sqrt{b-1}}{b}+\frac{1.\sqrt{a-1}}{a}\le\frac{1+b-1}{2b}+\frac{1+a-1}{2a}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}\le ab\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=2\)

6. Áp dụng BĐT cơ bản:

\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge3\left(ab.bc+bc.ca+ab+ca\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge3abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

\(\Sigma\dfrac{a^2}{\left(2a+b\right)\left(2a+c\right)}=\Sigma\left(\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{a^2\left(2+1\right)^2}{2a.\left(\Sigma a\right)+2a^2+bc}\right)\le\Sigma\left(\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{4a^2}{2a\left(\Sigma a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\)

\(=\Sigma\left(\dfrac{1}{9}.\left(\dfrac{2a}{\Sigma a}+\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\right)=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(2+\Sigma\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\)

Cần chứng minh \(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\le1\)

<=> \(\Sigma\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}\ge1\)         (*)

Đặt (x;y;z) ------->  \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

Suy ra (*)  <=>  \(\Sigma\frac{x^2}{x^2+2xy}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\frac{\Sigma x^2}{\Sigma x^2}\ge1\) (đúng)

Vậy \(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\le1\)

Suy ra \(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{\left(2a+b\right)\left(2a+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(2+\Sigma\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\le\frac{1}{9}\left(2+1\right)=\frac{1}{3}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 1 

Nguồn : Trần Thắng