Cho góc \(\alpha\) \((0< \alpha< 90\)\()\) . Tính giá trị biểu thức: B\(=(1-\sin^4\alpha-\cos^4\alpha)(\tan^2\alpha+\cot^2\alpha+2)\).
a) Cho $\cos \alpha=\dfrac{3}{4}$ với $0^{\circ}<\alpha<90^{\circ}$. Tính $A=\dfrac{\tan \alpha+3 \cot \alpha}{\tan \alpha+\cot \alpha}$.
b) Cho $\tan \alpha=\sqrt{2}$. Tính $B=\dfrac{\sin \alpha-\cos \alpha}{\sin ^{3} \alpha+3 \cos ^{3} \alpha+2 \sin \alpha}$.
a) cotα = 0,6 (0 < α < 90°). Tính 2tanα - 3cotα + sin2α
b) 0 < α < 90°, cos α = 4/5 . Tính 3sinα - 2cotα + tan2α
c) 0 < α < 90° , sin α = 3/5 . Tính tan α - cotα/cos2α
d) 0 < α < 90° , tanα = 2. Tính 4cos2α - 2sinα/cot α
Chứng minh các đẳng thức sau:
a, \(\sin^4\alpha-\cos^4\alpha+1=2\sin^2\alpha\)
b,\(\dfrac{\sin^2\alpha+2\cos^2\alpha-1}{\cot^2\alpha}=\sin^2\alpha\)
c, \(\dfrac{1-\sin^2\alpha.\cos^2\alpha}{\cos^2\alpha}-\cos^2\alpha=\tan^2\alpha\)
d, \(\dfrac{\sin^2\alpha-\tan^2\alpha}{\cos^2\alpha-\cot^2\alpha}=\tan^6\alpha\)
e, \(\left(1+\cot\alpha\right)\sin^3\alpha+\left(1+\tan\alpha\right)\cos^3\alpha=\sin\alpha.\cos\alpha\)
f,\(\dfrac{\left(\sin\alpha+\cos\alpha\right)^2-1}{\cot\alpha-\sin\alpha.\cos\alpha}=2\tan^2\alpha\)
a)
\(\sin ^4a-\cos ^4a+1=(\sin ^2a-\cos ^2a)(\sin ^2a+\cos^2a)+1\)
\(=(\sin ^2a-\cos ^2a).1+1=\sin ^2a-\cos ^2a+\sin ^2a+\cos ^2a\)
\(=2\sin ^2a\)
b) \(\sin ^2a+2\cos ^2a-1=(\sin ^2a+\cos^2a)+\cos ^2a-1\)
\(=1+\cos ^2a-1=\cos ^2a\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{\sin ^2a+2\cos ^2a-1}{\cot ^2a}=\frac{\cos ^2a}{\cot ^2a}=\frac{\cos ^2a}{\frac{\cos ^2a}{\sin ^2a}}=\sin ^2a\)
c)
\(\frac{1-\sin ^2a\cos ^2a}{\cos ^2a}-\cos ^2a=\frac{1}{\cos ^2a}-\sin ^2a-\cos ^2a\)
\(=\frac{1}{\cos ^2a}-(\sin ^2a+\cos ^2a)=\frac{1}{\cos ^2a}-1\)
\(=\frac{1-\cos ^2a}{\cos ^2a}=\frac{\sin ^2a}{\cos ^2a}=\tan ^2a\)
d)
\(\frac{\sin ^2a-\tan ^2a}{\cos ^2a-\cot ^2a}=\frac{\sin ^2a-\frac{\sin ^2a}{\cos ^2a}}{\cos ^2a-\frac{\cos ^2a}{\sin ^2a}}\) \(=\frac{\sin ^2a(1-\frac{1}{\cos ^2a})}{\cos ^2a(1-\frac{1}{\sin ^2a})}\)
\(=\frac{\sin ^2a.\frac{\cos ^2a-1}{\cos ^2a}}{\cos ^2a.\frac{\sin ^2a-1}{\sin ^2a}}\) \(=\frac{\sin ^2a.\frac{-\sin ^2a}{\cos ^2a}}{\cos ^2a.\frac{-\cos ^2a}{\sin ^2a}}=\frac{\sin ^6a}{\cos ^6a}=\tan ^6a\)
f)
\(\frac{(\sin a+\cos a)^2-1}{\cot a-\sin a\cos a}=\frac{\sin ^2a+\cos ^2a+2\sin a\cos a-1}{\frac{\cos a}{\sin a}-\sin a\cos a}\)
\(=\sin a.\frac{1+2\sin a\cos a-1}{\cos a-\cos a\sin ^2a}\)
\(=\sin a. \frac{2\sin a\cos a}{\cos a(1-\sin ^2a)}=\sin a. \frac{2\sin a\cos a}{\cos a. \cos^2 a}=\frac{2\sin ^2a}{\cos ^2a}=2\tan ^2a\)
e)
\((1+\cot a)\sin ^3a+(1+\tan a)\cos ^3a\)
\(=(\sin ^3a+\cos ^3a)+\cot a.\sin ^3a+\tan a.\cos^3a\)
\(=(\sin a+\cos a)(\sin ^2a-\sin a\cos a+\cos ^2a)+\frac{\cos a}{\sin a}.\sin ^3a+\frac{\sin a}{\cos a}.\cos ^3a\)
\(=(\sin a+\cos a)(1-\sin a\cos a)+\cos a\sin ^2a+\sin a\cos ^2a\)
\(=\sin a+\cos a-\sin a\cos a(\sin a+\cos a)+\cos a\sin a(\sin a+\cos a)\)
\(=\sin a+\cos a\)
Cho \(\tan\alpha-5\cot\alpha+4=0.\). Tính \(A=\frac{4\sin\alpha+2\cos\alpha}{3\sin\alpha-\cos\alpha}\)
\(tana-5cota+4=0\Rightarrow tana-\dfrac{5}{tana}+4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow tan^2a+4tana-5=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}tana=1\\tana=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\dfrac{4sina+2cosa}{3sina-cosa}=\dfrac{\dfrac{4sina}{cosa}+\dfrac{2cosa}{cosa}}{\dfrac{3sina}{cosa}-\dfrac{cosa}{cosa}}=\dfrac{4tana+2}{3tana-1}=\left[{}\begin{matrix}3\\\dfrac{9}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
CMR
a)\(\frac{1+\cos\alpha}{\sin\alpha}=\frac{\sin\alpha}{1-\cos\alpha}\)
b)\(\frac{\tan\alpha+1}{\tan\alpha-1}=\frac{1+\cot\alpha}{1-\cot\alpha}\)
c) \(\tan^2\alpha-\sin^2\alpha=\tan^2\alpha.\sin^2\alpha\)
d)\(\frac{1-4\sin^2\alpha.\cos^2\alpha}{\left(\sin\alpha-\cos\alpha\right)^2}=\left(\sin\alpha+\cos\alpha\right)^2\)
Chứng minh các hệ thức sau:
a) \({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = 1\).
b) \(1 + {\tan ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}\quad (\alpha \ne {90^o})\)
c) \(1 + {\cot ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }}\quad ({0^o} < \alpha < {180^o})\)
Tham khảo:
a)
Gọi M(x;y) là điểm trên đường tròn đơn vị sao cho \(\widehat {xOM} = \alpha \). Gọi N, P tương ứng là hình chiếu vuông góc của M lên các trục Ox, Oy.
Ta có: \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}x = \cos \alpha \\y = \sin \alpha \end{array} \right. \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}{\cos ^2}\alpha = {x^2}\\{\sin ^2}\alpha = {y^2}\end{array} \right.\)(1)
Mà \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}\left| x \right| = ON\\\left| y \right| = OP = MN\end{array} \right. \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}{x^2} = {\left| x \right|^2} = O{N^2}\\{y^2} = {\left| y \right|^2} = M{N^2}\end{array} \right.\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = O{N^2} + M{N^2} = O{M^2}\) (do \(\Delta OMN\) vuông tại N)
\( \Rightarrow {\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = 1\) (vì OM =1). (đpcm)
b)
Ta có: \(\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }}\;\;(\alpha \ne {90^o})\)
\( \Rightarrow 1 + {\tan ^2}\alpha = 1 + \frac{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }} = \frac{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }} + \frac{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }} = \frac{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha + {{\cos }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}\)
Mà theo ý a) ta có \({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = 1\) với mọi góc \(\alpha \)
\( \Rightarrow 1 + {\tan ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}\) (đpcm)
c)
Ta có: \(\cot \alpha = \frac{{\cos \alpha }}{{\sin \alpha }}\;\;\;({0^o} < \alpha < {180^o})\)
\( \Rightarrow 1 + {\cot ^2}\alpha = 1 + \frac{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }} = \frac{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }} + \frac{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }} = \frac{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha + {{\cos }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }}\)
Mà theo ý a) ta có \({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = 1\) với mọi góc \(\alpha \)
\( \Rightarrow 1 + {\cot ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }}\) (đpcm)
Chứng minh các đẳng thức lượng giác sau:
a) \({\sin ^4}\alpha - {\cos ^4}\alpha = 1 - 2{\cos ^2}\alpha \)
b) \(\tan \alpha + \cot \alpha = \frac{1}{{\sin \alpha .\cos \alpha }}\)
a) Ta có:
\(\begin{array}{l}{\sin ^4}\alpha - {\cos ^4}\alpha = 1 - 2{\cos ^2}\alpha \\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {{{\sin }^2}\alpha + {{\cos }^2}\alpha } \right)\left( {{{\sin }^2}\alpha - {{\cos }^2}\alpha } \right) = 1 - 2{\cos ^2}\alpha \\ \Leftrightarrow {\sin ^2}\alpha - {\cos ^2}\alpha - 1 + 2{\cos ^2}\alpha = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow {\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha - 1 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow 1 - 1 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow 0 = 0\end{array}\)
Đẳng thức luôn đúng
b) Ta có:
\(\begin{array}{l}\tan \alpha + \cot \alpha = \frac{1}{{\sin \alpha .\cos \alpha }}\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} + \frac{{\cos \alpha }}{{\sin \alpha }} = \frac{1}{{\sin \alpha .\cos \alpha }}\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha + {{\cos }^2}\alpha }}{{\cos \alpha .\sin \alpha }} = \frac{1}{{\sin \alpha .\cos \alpha }}\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{{\sin \alpha .\cos \alpha }} = \frac{1}{{\sin \alpha .\cos \alpha }}\end{array}\)
Đẳng thức luôn đúng
Rút gọn các biểu thức sau:
A= \(\dfrac{cos^2\alpha-sin^2\alpha}{cot^2\alpha-tan^2\alpha}-cos^2\alpha\)
B= \(\sqrt{sin^4\alpha+6cos^2\alpha+3cos^4\alpha}+\sqrt{cos^4\alpha+6sin^2\alpha+3sin^4\alpha}\)
\(A=\dfrac{cos^2a-sin^2a}{\dfrac{cos^2a}{sin^2a}-\dfrac{sin^2a}{cos^2a}}-cos^2a=\dfrac{cos^2a.sin^2a\left(cos^2a-sin^2a\right)}{\left(cos^2a-sin^2a\right)\left(cos^2a+sin^2a\right)}-cos^2a\)
\(=cos^2a.sin^2a-cos^2a=cos^2a\left(sin^2a-1\right)=-cos^4a\)
\(B=\sqrt{\left(1-cos^2a\right)^2+6cos^2a+3cos^4a}+\sqrt{\left(1-sin^2a\right)^2+6sin^2a+3sin^4a}\)
\(=\sqrt{4cos^4a+4cos^2a+1}+\sqrt{4sin^4a+4sin^2a+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(2cos^2a+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(2sin^2a+1\right)^2}\)
\(=2\left(sin^2a+cos^2a\right)+2=4\)
Cho \(0< \alpha< 90\). Chứng minh các hệ thức sau:
a) \(\frac{sin^2\alpha-cos^2\alpha+cos^4\alpha}{cos^2\alpha-sin^2\alpha+sin^4\alpha}=tan^4\alpha\)
b) \(sin^4\alpha+cos^4\alpha=1-2.sin^2.cos^2\alpha\)
\(\frac{sin^2a-cos^2a+cos^4a}{cos^2a-sin^2a+sin^4a}=\frac{sin^2a-cos^2a\left(1-cos^2a\right)}{cos^2a-sin^2a\left(1-sin^2a\right)}=\frac{sin^2a-cos^2a.sin^2a}{cos^2a-sin^2a.cos^2a}\)
\(=\frac{sin^2a\left(1-cos^2a\right)}{cos^2a\left(1-sin^2a\right)}=\frac{sin^2a.sin^2a}{cos^2a.cos^2a}=tan^4a\)
\(sin^4a+cos^4a=\left(sin^2a+cos^2a\right)^2-sin^2a.cos^2a=1-2sin^2a.cos^2a\)