Cho các số thực a,b,c thõa mãn a+b+c=2018 và \(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}=\dfrac{2017}{2018}\)
Tính giá trị của biểu thức P=\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+a}\)
Câu 1:(2 điểm):
a) Cho a,b,c là các số thực thỏa mãn a+b+c= 2018 và \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{2018}\)
Tính giá trị của biểu thức: \(A=\dfrac{1}{a^{2017}}+\dfrac{1}{b^{2017}}+\dfrac{1}{c^{2017}}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{2018}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}=0\left(a+b+c=2018\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}+\dfrac{a+b+c-c}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}\right]\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ac+bc+c^2+ab}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\times\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-c\\b=-c\\a=-b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}b=2018\\a=2018\\c=2018\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{1}{2018^{2017}}\)
Cho a,b,c là các số thực dương thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{2017}{2017+b}+\dfrac{2018}{2018+c}\le1\). Tìm GTNN của \(P=abc\)
\(1-\dfrac{1}{1+a}\ge\dfrac{2017}{b+2017}+\dfrac{2018}{c+2018}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2017.2018}{\left(b+2017\right)\left(c+2018\right)}}\)
\(1-\dfrac{2017}{b+2017}\ge\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{2018}{b+2018}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2018}{\left(1+a\right)\left(b+2018\right)}}\)
\(1-\dfrac{2018}{c+2018}\ge\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{2017}{b+2017}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2017}{\left(1+a\right)\left(b+2017\right)}}\)
Nhân vế:
\(\dfrac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+2017\right)\left(c+2018\right)}\ge\dfrac{8.2017.2018}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+2017\right)\left(c+2018\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow abc\ge8.2017.2018\)
Cho các số a,b,c thoả mãn a+b+c = 126 và \(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}=16\)
Tính giá trị biểu thức \(A=\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
Xét \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)=126.16=2016\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{c}{a+b}+1+\dfrac{a}{b+c}+1+\dfrac{b}{c+a}=2016\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=2013\)
Vậy A = 2013
Cho các số thực dương $a, b, c$ thỏa mãn $\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=3$.
Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức $A=\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+b}$.
Bài làm :
Ta có :
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : a=b
Chứng minh tương tự như trên ; ta có :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{b+c}\text{≤}\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(2\right)\\\frac{1}{c+a}\text{≤}\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng vế với vế của (1) ; (2) ; (3) ; ta được :
\(A\text{≤}\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\text{=}\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi ;
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c\\\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Vậy Max (A) = 3/2 khi a=b=c=1
quản lí tên kiểu j z
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Cho các số thực dương \(a,b,c\) thỏa mãn : \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\). Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức :
\(P=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{a+bc}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{b+ac}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{c+ab}}\)
Thỏa mãn $\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1$ hay $a+b+c=1$ vậy bạn?
cho các số nguyên dương a;b;c thoả mãn a+b+c=2017. CMR giá trị biểu thức sau không là 1 số nguyên \(A=\dfrac{a}{2017-c}+\dfrac{b}{2017-a}+\dfrac{c}{2017-b}\)
Bài 17: Cho a, b, c là 3 số thực khác 0, thỏa mãn điều kiện : \(a+b\ne-c\) và \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}\)=\(\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}\). Tính giá trị biểu thức P=\(\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\)x\(\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\)x\(\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{c+a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=1\Rightarrow a+b-c=c\Rightarrow a+b=2c\\ \dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=1\Rightarrow b+c-a=a\Rightarrow b+c=2a\\ \dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=1\Rightarrow c+a-b=b\Rightarrow c+a=2b\)
\(\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\\ =\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{abc}\\ =\dfrac{2c.2b.2a}{abc}\\ =\dfrac{8abc}{abc}\\ =8\)
cho biết \(\dfrac{a}{2}-b=c\dfrac{2}{3}\)và a,b,c khác 0. Tính giá trị biểu thức Q=2018-\(\left(\dfrac{c}{a}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^5.\left(\dfrac{a}{2}-2\right)^5.\left(\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)^5\)
cho a,b,c là cá số thực thoả mãn
a+b+c=2022 và\(\dfrac{1}{a}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{b}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{2022}\)
tính giá trị của biểu thức B=\(\dfrac{1}{a^{2021}}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{b^{2021}}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{c^{2021}}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{2022}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{bc+ca+ab}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(bc+ca+ab\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)+3abc=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)+2abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=-b\) hay \(b=-c\) hay \(c=-a\)
\(\Rightarrow c=2022\) hay \(a=2022\) hay \(b=2022\)
-Nếu \(a=-b\)\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{1}{a^{2021}}+\dfrac{1}{b^{2021}}+\dfrac{1}{c^{2021}}=\dfrac{1}{a^{2021}}-\dfrac{1}{a^{2021}}+\dfrac{1}{2022^{2021}}=\dfrac{1}{2022^{2021}}\)
-Tương tự các trường hợp còn lại.