a, Ta có: 65n_Zn + 27n_Al = 11,9 (1)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{9,916}{24,79}=0,4\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ m_Zn = 0,1.65 = 6,5 (g)

m_Al = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)

b, Theo PT: n_ZnCl2 = n_Zn = 0,1 (mol)

n_AlCl3 = n_Al = 0,2 (mol)

⇒ m _muối = 0,1.136 + 0,2.133,5 = 40,3 (g)

c, Theo PT: n_HCl = 2n_H2 = 0,8 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,8.36,5}{10\%}=292\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2} = m -(m-2,4) = 2,4(gam)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,4}{2} = 1,2(mol)\\ Gọi : n_{Mg} = a ;n_{Zn} = 2a;n_{Fe}= 3a(mol)\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = n_{Mg} + n_{Zn} + n_{Fe} = a + 2a + 3a = 1,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow a = 0,2;\\ \Rightarrow m = 0,2.24 + 0,2.2.65 + 0,2.3.56 = 64,4(gam)\)

Gọi x, 2x, 3x tương ứng là số mol của Mg, Zn và Fe: 24x + 65.2x + 56.3x = m ---> m = 322x.

Khối lượng dd tăng = khối lượng kim loại - mH2

m - 2,4 = m - (2x + 4x + 9x) ---> 15x = 2,4 hay x = 0,16 mol.

Thay vào trên thu được: m = 322.0,16 = 51,52 gam.

a) PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

b) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,1mol\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot27}{5}\cdot100\%=54\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=46\%\)

a) PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

b) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Zn}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1\cdot65=6,5\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{10}\cdot100\%=65\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=35\%\)

c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,2mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot36,5}{5\%}=146\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=0.2\cdot2=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

\(BTKL:\)

\(m_{hh}+m_{HCl}=m_M+m_{H_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_M=8+0.4\cdot36.5-0.2\cdot2=22.2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=n_M=a\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a\left(56+M\right)=8\left(1\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(2M+2nHCl\rightarrow2MCl_n+nH_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a+\dfrac{an}{2}=0.2\)

\(\Rightarrow a\left(1+\dfrac{n}{2}\right)=0.2\left(2\right)\)

\(\dfrac{\left(1\right)}{\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{a\left(56+M\right)}{a\left(1+\dfrac{n}{2}\right)}=\dfrac{8}{0.2}=40\)

\(\Rightarrow56+M=40\left(1+\dfrac{n}{2}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow56+M=40+20n\)

\(\Rightarrow M-20n+16=0\)

\(BL:\)

\(n=2\Rightarrow M=24\)

\(M:Mg\)

\(\)

\(Đặt:n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=5,1\\22,4a+22,4.1,5.b=5,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ a,\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{5,1}.100\approx47,059\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Al}\approx100\%-47,059\%\approx52,941\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.n_{H_2}=2.\left(0,1+0,1.1,5\right)=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)\)

a)\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

   x           2x            x             x

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

y            3y          y             1,5y

Ta có hệ:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=5,1\\x+1,5y=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot24}{5,1}\cdot100\%=47,06\%\)

\(\%m_{Al}=100\%-47,06\%=52,94\%\)

b)\(\Sigma n_{HCl}=2x+3y=2\cdot0,1+3\cdot0,1=0,5mol\)

\(V=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25l=250ml\)