a: \(\left(\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}-\sqrt{ab}\right)\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{a-b}\right)\)

\(=\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b-\sqrt{ab}\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\)

b: \(VT=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(2+\sqrt{2}\right)}{2+\sqrt{3}+1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right)}{2-\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(2+\sqrt{2}\right)}{3+\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right)}{3-\sqrt{3}}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)+2\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-1+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{\sqrt{3}\cdot2}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\left(2\sqrt{6}-2\right)}{2\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{6}-2}{\sqrt{3}}\)

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{2\sqrt{a}-2\sqrt{b}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{2\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}}-\dfrac{2b}{b-a}\left(a,b>0;a\ne b\right)\\ =\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2+4b}{2\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{4\sqrt{ab}+4b}{2\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{4\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{2\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\)

Tick plz

Ta có: \(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{2\sqrt{a}-2\sqrt{b}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{2\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}}-\dfrac{2b}{b-a}\)

\(=\dfrac{a+2\sqrt{ab}+b-a+2\sqrt{ab}-b+4b}{2\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{4b+4\sqrt{ab}}{2\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{4\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}\right)}{2\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\)

a: \(=\dfrac{a+\sqrt{ab}-a+\sqrt{ab}-2b}{a-b}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{a-b}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\)

2, a, \(a+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+1}{a}\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2-2a+1\ge0\left(a>0\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\)( là đt đúng vs mọi a)

vậy...................

Câu 1:

\(M=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-20-10\sqrt{3}}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+25-5\sqrt{3}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{4+5}=3\)

\(M=\sqrt{5-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{29-12\sqrt{5}}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{5-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)^2}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{5-\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{5}+3}}\)

\(=\sqrt{5-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{5-\sqrt{5}+1}=\sqrt{6-\sqrt{5}}\)

2b)

Biến đổi tương đương:

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{2}\) (1)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\dfrac{a+2\sqrt{ab}+b}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a+2b\ge a+2\sqrt{ab}+b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\) luôn đúng

=> (1) đúng

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b.

2c)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy Shwarz dạng Engel, ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{a}}\ge\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b.

2d)

Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM, ta có:

\(\dfrac{a^2+2}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a^2+1}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\sqrt{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}\ge2\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = 0

a) \(\dfrac{a^2+3}{\sqrt{a^2+2}}=\sqrt{a^2+2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+2}}\ge2\sqrt{\sqrt{a^2+2}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+2}}}=2\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\sqrt{a^2+2}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+2}}\Leftrightarrow a^2=-1\left(vn\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\) Dấu "=" không xảy ra

Vậy \(\dfrac{a^2+3}{\sqrt{a^2+2}}>2\)

b)Với x,y>0,ta cm bđt phụ sau:

\(x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\) (1)

Thật vậy (1)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)-xy\left(x+y\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\cdot\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (lđ)

Áp dụng (1) có:

\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{a}}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{b}}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\sqrt{ab}}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\)

Dấu "=" xra khi a=b

Vậy...

) V T = ( 2 √ 3 − √ 6 √ 8 − 2 − √ 216 3 ) ⋅ 1 √ 6 = ( √ 2 ⋅ √ 2 ⋅ √ 3 − √ 6 √ 2 2 ⋅ 2 − 2 − √ 6 2 .6 3 ) ⋅ 1 √ 6 = ( √ 2 ⋅ √ 6 − √ 6 2 √ 2 − 2 − 6 . √ 6 3 ) ⋅ 1 √ 6 = [ √ 6 ( √ 2 − 1 ) 2 ( √ 2 − 1 ) − 6 √ 6 3 ] ⋅ 1 √ 6 = ( √ 6 2 − 2 √ 6 ) ⋅ 1 √ 6 = ( √ 6 2 − 4 √ 6 2 ) ⋅ 1 √ 6 = ( − 3 2 √ 6 ) ⋅ 1 √ 6 = − 3 2 = − 1 , 5 = V P . b) V T = ( √ 14 − √ 7 1 − √ 2 + √ 15 − √ 5 1 − √ 3 ) : 1 √ 7 − √ 5 = ( √ 7 ⋅ √ 2 − √ 7 1 − √ 2 + √ 5 ⋅ √ 3 − √ 5 1 − √ 3 ) : 1 √ 7 − √ 5 = [ √ 7 ( √ 2 − 1 ) 1 − √ 2 + √ 5 ( √ 3 − 1 ) 1 − √ 3 ] : 1 √ 7 − √ 5 = ( − √ 7 − √ 5 ) ( √ 7 − √ 5 ) = − ( √ 7 + √ 5 ) ( √ 7 − √ 5 ) = − ( 7 − 5 ) = − 2 = V P . c) V T = a √ b + b √ a √ a b : 1 √ a − √ b = √ a ⋅ √ a ⋅ √ b + √ b ⋅ √ b ⋅ √ a √ a b : 1 √ a − √ b = √ a ⋅ √ a b + √ b ⋅ √ a b √ a b : 1 √ a − √ b = √ a b ( √ a + √ b ) √ a b ⋅ ( √ a − √ b ) = ( √ a + √ b ) ⋅ ( √ a − √ b ) = a − b = V P . d) V T = ( 1 + a + √ a √ a + 1 ) ( 1 − a − √ a √ a − 1 ) = ( 1 + √ a ⋅ √ a + √ a √ a + 1 ) ( 1 − √ a ⋅ √ a − √ a √ a − 1 ) = [ 1 + √ a ( √ a + 1 ) √ a + 1 ] [ 1 − √ a ( √ a − 1 ) √ a − 1 ] = ( 1 + √ a ) ( 1 − √ a ) = 1 − ( √ a ) 2 = 1 − a = V P

a) VT=\left(\dfrac{2 \sqrt{3}-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{8}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{216}}{3}\right) \cdot \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}VT=(8​−223​−6​​−3216​​)⋅6​1​

=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{3}-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{2^{2} \cdot 2}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6^{2} .6}}{3}\right) \cdot \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}=(22⋅2​−22​⋅2​⋅3​−6​​−362.6​​)⋅6​1​

=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{6}-\sqrt{6}}{2 \sqrt{2}-2}-\dfrac{6 . \sqrt{6}}{3}\right) \cdot \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}=(22​−22​⋅6​−6​​−36.6​​)⋅6​1​

=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{6}(\sqrt{2}-1)}{2(\sqrt{2}-1)}-\dfrac{6 \sqrt{6}}{3}\right] \cdot \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}=[2(2​−1)6​(2​−1)​−366​​]⋅6​1​

=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}-2 \sqrt{6}\right) \cdot \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}=(26​​−26​)⋅6​1​

=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}-\dfrac{4 \sqrt{6}}{2}\right) \cdot \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}=(26​​−246​​)⋅6​1​

=\left(\dfrac{-3}{2} \sqrt{6}\right) \cdot \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}=(2−3​6​)⋅6​1​

=-\dfrac{3}{2}=-1,5=V P=−23​=−1,5=VP.
b) VT=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{14}-\sqrt{7}}{1-\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{5}}{1-\sqrt{3}}\right): \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}}VT=(1−2​14​−7​​+1−3​15​−5​​):7​−5​1​

=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{7} \cdot \sqrt{2}-\sqrt{7}}{1-\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5} \cdot \sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}}{1-\sqrt{3}}\right): \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}}=(1−2​7​⋅2​−7​​+1−3​5​⋅3​−5​​):7​−5​1​

=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{7}(\sqrt{2}-1)}{1-\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5}(\sqrt{3}-1)}{1-\sqrt{3}}\right]: \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}}=[1−2​7​(2​−1)​+1−3​5​(3​−1)​]:7​−5​1​

=(-\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5})=(−7​−5​)(7​−5​)

=-(\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5})=−(7​+5​)(7​−5​)

$=-(7-5)=-2=VP$.

c) V T=\dfrac{a \sqrt{b}+b \sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a b}}: \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}VT=ab​ab​+ba​​:a​−b​1​

=\dfrac{\sqrt{a} \cdot \sqrt{a} \cdot \sqrt{b}+\sqrt{b} \cdot \sqrt{b} \cdot \sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a b}}: \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=ab​a​⋅a​⋅b​+b​⋅b​⋅a​​:a​−b​1​

=\dfrac{\sqrt{a} \cdot \sqrt{a b}+\sqrt{b} \cdot \sqrt{a b}}{\sqrt{a b}}: \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=ab​a​⋅ab​+b​⋅ab​​:a​−b​1​

=\dfrac{\sqrt{a b}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})}{\sqrt{a b}} \cdot(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})=ab​ab​(a​+b​)​⋅(a​−b​)

=(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}) \cdot(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})=(a​+b​)⋅(a​−b​)

$=a-b=VP$.

d) VT=\left(1+\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)VT=(1+a​+1a+a​​)(1−a​−1a−a​​)

=\left(1+\dfrac{\sqrt{a} \cdot \sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{\sqrt{a} \cdot \sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)=(1+a​+1a​⋅a​+a​​)(1−a​−1a​⋅a​−a​​)

=\left[1+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}(\sqrt{a}+1)}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right]\left[1-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}(\sqrt{a}-1)}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right]=[1+a​+1a​(a​+1)​][1−a​−1a​(a​−1)​]

=(1+\sqrt{a})(1-\sqrt{a})=(1+a​)(1−a​)

=1-(\sqrt{a})^{2}=1-a=V P=1−(a​)2=1−a=VP

a) \(\left(\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{8}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{216}}{3}\right).\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}{2\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{216}}{3}\right).\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}=\dfrac{1}{2}-2=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

 

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b+c}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a\left(b+c\right)}}\ge\dfrac{2a}{a+b+c}\)

Tương tự: \(\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c+a}}\ge\dfrac{2b}{a+b+c}\) ; \(\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a+b}}\ge\dfrac{2c}{a+b+c}\)

Cộng vế:

\(VT\ge\dfrac{2a+2b+2c}{a+b+c}=2\)

Dấu "=" ko xảy ra nên \(VT>2\)

Lời giải:

Đặt \(\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c}},\sqrt{\frac{b}{a+c}},\sqrt{\frac{c}{a+b}} \right )=(x,y,z)\)

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x^2=\frac{a}{b+c}\\ y^2=\frac{b}{a+c}\\ z^2=\frac{c}{a+b}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x^2+1}+\frac{1}{y^2+1}+\frac{1}{z^2+1}=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (1-\frac{1}{x^2+1})+(1-\frac{1}{y^2+1})+(1-\frac{1}{z^2+1})=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{x^2}{x^2+1}+\frac{y^2}{y^2+1}+\frac{z^2}{z^2+1}=1\)

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq 2(x+y+z)(\star)\)

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:

\(\left ( \frac{x^2}{x^2+1}+\frac{y^2}{y^2+1}+\frac{z^2}{z^2+1} \right )(x^2+1+y^2+1+z^2+1)\geq (x+y+z)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+1+y^2+1+z^2+1\geq (x+y+z)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+xz\leq \frac{3}{2}\)

Kết hợp với hệ quả của BĐT AM-GM :

\((xy+yz+xz)^2\geq 3xyz(x+y+z)\)

\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz\geq \frac{3xyz(x+y+z)}{xy+yz+xz}\geq \frac{3xyz(x+y+z)}{\frac{3}2{}}=2xyz(x+y+z)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{2xyz(x+y+z)}{xyz}=2(x+y+z)\)

Do đó BĐT \((\star)\) được chứng minh.

Bài toán hoàn thành. Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

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