Bài 2: 

a: Để A là số nguyên thì \(3n^3+10n^2-5⋮3n+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3n^3+n^2+9n^2+3n-3n-1-4⋮3n+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3n+1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n\in\left\{0;-1;1\right\}\)(do n là số nguyên)

b: Để B là số nguyên thì \(n^3-4n^2+5n-1⋮n-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n^3-3n^2-n^2+3n+2n-6+5⋮n-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n-3\in\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)

hay \(n\in\left\{4;2;8;-2\right\}\)

Theo bài ta có :

\(P\left(x\right)⋮\left(x-1\right)\) \(\Rightarrow P\left(1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m+m+1-4n-3+5n=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2m+n=2\) (1)

Lại có \(P\left(x\right)⋮\left(x+2\right)\Rightarrow P\left(-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4m+4\left(m+1\right)-\left(4n+3\right).\left(-2\right)+5n=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8m+13n=-12\) (2)

Giải hệ (1) và (2) suy ra \(m=\frac{19}{9};n=\frac{-20}{9}\)

http://lazi.vn/edu/exercise/biet-rang-da-thuc-px-chia-het-cho-da-thuc-x-a-khi-va-chi-khi-pa-0-hay-tim-cac-gia-tri-cua-m-va-n

Bài tham khảo:

\(M\left(x\right)+N\left(x\right)\)

\(=5x^3-x^2-4+2x^4-2x^2+2x+1\)

\(=2x^4+5x^3-3x^2+2x-3\)

\(M\left(x\right)-N\left(x\right)\)

\(=5x^3-x^2-4-\left(2x^4-2x^2+2x+1\right)\)

\(=5x^3-x^2-4-2x^4+2x^2-2x-1\)

\(=-2x^4+5x^3+x^2-2x-5\)

\(M\left(x\right)+P\left(x\right)=N\left(x\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P\left(x\right)=N\left(x\right)-M\left(x\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P\left(x\right)=2x^4-2x^2+2x+1-\left(5x^3-x^2-4\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P\left(x\right)=2x^4-2x^2+2x+1-5x^3+x^2+4\)

\(\Rightarrow P\left(x\right)=2x^4-5x^3-x^2+2x+5\)

a) 

 \(\begin{matrix}N\left(x\right)=-4x^4+9x^3-x^2+5x+\dfrac{1}{3}\\^-M\left(x\right)=-x^4-9x^3+x^2+9x+\dfrac{4}{3}\\\overline{N\left(x\right)-M\left(x\right)=-3x^4+18x^3-2x^2-4x-1}\end{matrix}\)

b) 

   \(\begin{matrix}M\left(x\right)=-x^4-9x^3+x^2+9x+\dfrac{4}{3}\\^+N\left(x\right)=-4x^4+9x^3-x^2+5x+\dfrac{1}{3}\\\overline{M\left(x\right)+N\left(x\right)=-5x^4+14x+\dfrac{5}{3}}\end{matrix}\)

a: \(\Leftrightarrow3x^3-2x^2+6x^2-4x-3x+2+a-2⋮3x-2\)

=>a-2=0

=>a=2

b: \(\Leftrightarrow3x^3-2x^2+6x^2-4x-3x+2+3⋮3x-2\)

=>\(3x-2\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3\right\}\)

mà x là số nguyên

nên x=1

c: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-3x-3-a+3⋮x+1\)

=>3-a=0

=>a=3

Lời giải:

a.

$A+B=(5x^2-7x+2)+(4x^2+3x-1)=9x^2-4x+1$
$A-B=(5x^2-7x+2)-(4x^2+3x-1)=x^2-10x+3$

b. 

$A(x)=2x^2-x+m=x(2x-5)+4x+m=x(2x-5)+2(2x-5)+m+10$

$=B(x)(x+2)+m+10$

Để $A(x)\vdots B(x)$ thì $m+10=0\Leftrightarrow m=-10$

Bài 2:Tìm x biết

\\(\\left(4x+3\\right)^3+\\left(5-7x\\right)^3+\\left(3x-8\\right)^3=0\\)

\\(\\Leftrightarrow\\left[\\left(4x\\right)^3+3.\\left(4x\\right)^2.3+3.4x.3^2+3^3\\right]+\\left[5^3-3.5^2.7x+3.5.\\left(7x\\right)^2-\\left(7x\\right)^3\\right]+\\left[\\left(3x\\right)^3-3.\\left(3x\\right)^2.8+3.3x.8^2-8^3\\right]=0\\)

\\(\\Leftrightarrow64x^3+144x^2+108x+27+125-525x+735x^2-343x^3+27x^3-216x^2+576x-512=0\\)

\\(\\Leftrightarrow-252x^3+663x^2+159x-360=0\\)

\\(\\Leftrightarrow3\\left(-84x^3+221x^2+53x-120\\right)=0\\)

Bài 2: Đặt \(4x+3=a;5-7x=b;3x-8=c\Rightarrow a+b+c=0\)

Kết hợp với đề bài ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3+b^3+c^3=0\\a+b+c=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc+3abc=0\\a+b+c=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)+3abc=0\left(1\right)\\a+b+c=0\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay (2) vào (1) suy ra \(3abc=0\Leftrightarrow a=0\text{hoặc }b=0\text{hoặc }c=0\)

+) a = 0 suy ra \(x=-\frac{3}{4}\)

+) b = 0 suy ra \(x=\frac{5}{7}\)

+) c = 0 suy ra \(x=\frac{8}{3}\)

Vậy...