a) \(5^{x+3}+5^{x+1}-5^x=645\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x.5^3+5^x.5-5^x=645\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x.\left(5^3+5-1\right)=645\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x.129=645\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x=5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
Vậy \(x=1\)
b) \(9.27\ge3^x\ge243\)
\(\Rightarrow3^2.3^3\ge3^x\ge3^5\)
\(\Rightarrow3^5\ge3^x\ge3^5\)
\(\Rightarrow5\ge x\ge5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=5\)
Vậy \(x=5\)