a. \(\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=\left[\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3\right]-\left(b^3+c^3\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c-a\right)\left[\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(a+b+c\right).a+a^2\right]-\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc+a^2+ab+ac+a^2\right)-\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(3a^2+b^2+c^2+3ab+3ac+2bc-b^2+bc-c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(3a^2+3ab+3ac+3bc\right)\)
\(=3\left(b+c\right)\left(a^2+ab+ac+bc\right)\)
\(=3\left(b+c\right)\left[a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)\right]\)
\(=3\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
b) \(8\left(x+y+z\right)^3-\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(y+z\right)^3-\left(x+z\right)^3\)
\(=\left(2x+2y+2x\right)^3-\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(y+x\right)^3-\left(x+z\right)^3\)
Đặt: \(a=x+y;b=y+z;c=x+z\), ta được:
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\) ( áp dụng câu a)
\(=3\left(x+y+y+z\right)\left(y+z+x+z\right)\left(x+y+x+z\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+2y+z\right)\left(y+2z+x\right)\left(2x+y+z\right)\)
