a) x2 - 10x + 9
= x2 - x - 9x + 9
= (x2 - x) - (9x - 9)
= x(x - 1) - 9(x-1)
= (x-1)(x-9)
b) x2 - 10x + 16
= x2 - 2x - 8x + 16
= (x2 - 2x) - (8x - 16)
= x(x - 2) - 8(x - 2)
= (x - 2)(x - 8)
c) x2 - 2x - 8
= x2 - 4x + 2x - 8
= (x2 - 4x) + (2x - 8)
= x(x - 4) + 2(x - 4)
= (x - 4)(x + 2)
d) 3x2 - 7x + 2
= 3x2 - x - 6x + 2
= (3x2 - x) - (6x - 2)
= x(3x - 1) - 2(3x - 1)
= (3x - 1)(x - 2)