a, Co2 + 2KOH--> K2CO3 + H2O(1)
Ta có nCO2=2,464/22,4=0,11 mol
nKOH=17,5.51,2/(100.56)=0,16 mol
Ta có : nCO2>nKOH/2
=> CO2 dư , KOH hết
PTHH: CO2 + K2CO3+ H2O--> 2KHCO3(2)
Ta có nCO2(2)=0,11-0,16/2=0,03 mol
nK2CO3(1)=nKOH/2=0,08 mol
Ta có nCO2(2)=0,03<nK2CO3(2)
=> CO2 hết , K2CO3 dư ở (2)
=> nKHCO3=2nCO2(2)=0,06 mol
nK2CO3 dư= 0,08-0,03=0,05 mol
Theo định luật bảo toàn khối lượng ta có:
mdd thu được = mCO2 ban đầu + mddKOH=0,11.44+ 51,2=56,04 g
=> C%ddKHCO3= 0,06.100.100/56,04=10,7%
C%ddK2CO3 dư=0,05.138.100/56,04=12,312%
b,Do 2 PỨ xảy ra đồng thời => gọi a là số phần PỨ , ta có:
K2CO3 + 2HCl--> 2KCl + H2O + CO2
0,05a-----0,1a--------------------------------0,05a
KHCO3 + HCl--> KCl + 2H2O + CO2
0,06a-------0,06a------------------------------0,06a
=> 0,1a + 0,06a=nHCl=1,2.0,08=0,096
=> a=0,6
=> nCO2=0,05.0,6+ 0,06.0,6=0,066 mol
=> VCO2=0,066.22,4=1,4784 lít
CO2 + 2KOH → K2CO3 + H2O (1)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,464}{22,4}=0,11\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=0,11\times44=4,84\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{KOH}=51,2\times17,5\%=8,96\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=\dfrac{8,96}{56}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{11}{16}n_{KOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{11}{16}>\dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ CO2 dư ⇒ phản ứng tiếp
CO2 + K2CO3 + H2O → 2KHCO3 (2)
Theo PT1: \(n_{CO_2}pư=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,16=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}dư=0,11-0,08=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}\left(2\right)=n_{CO_2}dư=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{K_2CO_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,16=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT2: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{K_2CO_3}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{CO_2}\left(2\right)=\dfrac{3}{8}n_{K_2CO_3}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{3}{8}< 1\) ⇒ K2CO3 dư
Vậy dung dịch A gồm: K2CO3 dư và KHCO3
a) \(m_{ddA}=m_{CO_2}bđ+m_{ddKOH}=4,84+51,2=56,04\left(g\right)\)
Theo Pt2: \(n_{KHCO_3}=2n_{CO_2}=2\times0,03=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KHCO_3}=0,06\times100=6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ddKHCO_3}=\dfrac{6}{56,04}\times100\%=10,71\%\)
Theo PT2: \(n_{K_2CO_3}pư=n_{CO_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{K_2CO_3}dư=0,08-0,03=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{K_2CO_3}dư=0,05\times138=6,9\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ddK_2CO_3}dư=\dfrac{6,9}{56,04}\times100\%=12,29\%\)
b) K2CO3 + 2HCl → 2KCl + CO2↑ + H2O (3)
KHCO3 + HCl → KCl + CO2↑ + H2O (4)
\(n_{HCl}=0,08\times1,2=0,096\left(mol\right)\)
Giả sử dd A phản ứng hết:
Theo Pt3: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{K_2CO_3}=2\times0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo Pt4: \(n_{HCl}=n_{KHCO_3}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}pư=0,1+0,06=0,16\left(mol\right)>0,096\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ Giả thiết sai ⇒ dd A dư
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}\left(4\right)=\dfrac{0,096}{3}=0,032\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}\left(3\right)=0,096-0,032=0,064\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT3: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,064=0,032\left(mol\right)\)
Theo Pt4: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{HCl}=0,032\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{CO_2}=0,032+0,032=0,064\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,064\times22,4=1,4336\left(l\right)\)