Câu 1:
ĐK: \(x\geq -2\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+5}=a; \sqrt{x+2}=b(a,b\geq 0)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab=\sqrt{(x+5)(x+2)}=\sqrt{x^2+7x+10}\)
PT trở thành:
\((a-b)(1+ab)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(1+ab)=(x+5)-(x+2)=a^2-b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(1+ab)-(a-b)(a+b)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(1+ab-a-b)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(a-1)(b-1)=0\)
Vì \(a\neq b\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} a-1=0\\ b-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} a=\sqrt{x+5}=1\\ b=\sqrt{x+2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=-4\\ x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\). Vì $x\geq -2$ nên chỉ có $x=-1$ là nghiệm duy nhất.
Câu 2:
ĐK: \(-4\leq x\leq 4\)
Ta có: \((\sqrt{x+4}-2)(\sqrt{4-x}+2)=2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{(x+4)-2^2}{\sqrt{x+4}+2}.(\sqrt{4-x}+2)=2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x.\frac{\sqrt{4-x}+2}{\sqrt{x+4}+2}=2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\frac{\sqrt{4-x}+2}{\sqrt{x+4}+2}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=0\\ \sqrt{4-x}+2=2\sqrt{x+4}+4(*)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét $(*)$
Đặt \(\sqrt{4-x}=a; \sqrt{x+4}=b\) thì ta có hệ:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^2+b^2=8\\ a+2=2b+4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a^2+b^2=8\\ a=2(b+1)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow 4(b+1)^2+b^2=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 5b^2+8b-4=0\Leftrightarrow (5b-2)(b+2)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow b=\frac{2}{5}\) (do \(b\geq 0)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+4=b^2=\frac{4}{25}\Rightarrow x=\frac{-96}{25}\) (t/m)
Vậy \(x\in \left\{ \frac{-96}{25}; 0\right\}\)
