Question

Giải các phương trình :

a) \(\dfrac{12}{x-1}-\dfrac{8}{x+1}=1\)

b) \(\dfrac{16}{x-3}+\dfrac{30}{1-x}=3\)

c) \(\dfrac{x^2-3x+5}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x-3}\)

d) \(\dfrac{2x}{x-2}-\dfrac{x}{x+4}=\dfrac{8x+8}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)}\)

Answer 1

a) \(\dfrac{12}{x-1}-\dfrac{8}{x+1}=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{12\left(x+1\right)-8\left(x-1\right)}{x^2-1}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{12x+12-8x+8}{x^2-1}=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{4x+20}{x^2-1}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2-1=4x+20\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2-4x-21=0\)

giải pt ta có 2 nghiệm : \(x_1=7;x_2=-3\)

vậy phương trình có 2 nghiệm \(x=7;x=-3\)

b) \(\dfrac{16}{x-3}+\dfrac{30}{1-x}=3\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{16\left(1-x\right)+30\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(1-x\right)}=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{16-16x+30x-90}{x-x^2-3+3x}=3\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{14x-74}{-x^2+4x-3}=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(3\left(-x^2+4x-3\right)=14x-74\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(-3x^2+12x-9=14x-74\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(3x^2-2x-65=0\)

giải pt ta có 2 nghiệm : \(x_1=5;x_2=\dfrac{-13}{3}\)

vậy phương trình có 2 nghiệm \(x=5;x=\dfrac{-13}{3}\)

Answer 2

c) ĐK: x\(\ne3,x\ne-2\)

\(\dfrac{x^2-3x+5}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x-3}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-3x+5}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{x+2}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)}\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+5=x+2\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+3=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-3x+3=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)-3\left(x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(tm\right)\\x=3\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy S={1}

d) ĐK: \(x\ne2,x\ne-4\)

\(\dfrac{2x}{x-2}-\dfrac{x}{x+4}=\dfrac{8x+8}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x\left(x+4\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)}-\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)}=\dfrac{8x+8}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2+8x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)}-\dfrac{x^2-2x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)}=\dfrac{8x+8}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2+8x-x^2+2x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)}=\dfrac{8x+8}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)}\Leftrightarrow x^2+10x=8x+8\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x-8=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+4x-8=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)+4\left(x-2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)⇔\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(ktm\right)\\x=-4\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm