\(P\left(x\right)+Q\left(x\right)=\left(2x^4+x^3-4x+5\right)+\left(x^4+3x^3+2x-1\right)\)
\(=2x^4+x^3-4x+5+x^4+3x^3+2x-1\)
\(=\left(2x^4+x^4\right)+\left(x^3+3x^3\right)+\left(-4x+2x\right)+\left(5-1\right)\)
\(=3x^4+4x^3-2x+4\)
\(R\left(x\right)+P\left(x\right)=x^4-2x^2+1\)
\(\Rightarrow R\left(x\right)=\left(x^4-2x^2+1\right)-P\left(x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow R\left(x\right)=\left(x^4-2x^2+1\right)-\left(2x^4+x^3-4x+5\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow R\left(x\right)=x^4-2x^2+1-2x^4-x^3+4x-5\)
\(\Rightarrow R\left(x\right)=\left(x^4-2x^4\right)+\left(-2x^2\right)+\left(1-5\right)+\left(-x^3\right)+4x\)
\(\Rightarrow R\left(x\right)=-x^4-2x^2-4-x^3+4x\)