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Lời giải:
$S=1+2.4+3.4^2+....+12.4^{11}$
$4S=1.4+2.4^2+3.4^3+....+12.4^{12}$
$\Rightarrow 3S=4S-S=12.4^{12}-(1+4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{11})$
$12S=12.4^{13}-(4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{12})$
$\Rightarrow 9S=12S-3S=12.4^{13}-12.4^{12}-(4^{12}-1)$
$\Rightarrow 9S=4^{12}.35+1$
$\Rightarrow S=\frac{4^{12}.35+1}{9}$
$\Rightarrow b=12; a=\frac{1}{9}$
$\Rightarrow 9a+b=1+12=13$