\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=\dfrac{100.18,25}{100}=18,25\left(g\right)\\
n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,125 0,125 (mol )
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\\
\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{8,125}{8,125+18,25}.100\%=30,8\%\)
Bài 18:
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=100.18,25\%=18,25\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,125}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,125.2=0,25\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Zn}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Có: m dd sau pư = 8,125 + 100 - 0,25 = 107,875 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,125.136}{107,875}.100\%\approx15,76\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,25.36,5}{107,875}.100\%\approx8,46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
`a)PTHH:`
`Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl_2 + H_2↑`
`0,125` `0,25` `0,125` `0,125` `(mol)`
`b)n_[Zn] = [ 8,125 ] / 65 = 0,125 (mol)`
`n_[HCl] = [ [ 18,25 ] / 100 . 100 ] / [ 36,5 ] = 0,5 (mol)`
Ta có: `[ 0,125 ] / 1 < [ 0,5 ] / 2`
`-> Zn` hết, `HCl` dư
`=> V_[H_2] = 0,125 . 22,4 = 2,8 (l)`
`=> m_[H_2] = 0,125 . 2 = 0,25 (g)`
`c)m_\text{dd sau p/ứ} = 8,125 + 100 - 0,25 = 107,875 (g)`
`=> C%_[ZnCl_2] = [ 0,125 . 136 ] / [ 107,875 ] . 100 ~~ 15,76%`
`=> C%_[HCl(dư)] = [ ( 0,5 - 0,25 ) . 36,5 ] / [ 107,875 ] . 100 ~~ 8,46%`
