Sự phân bố của một loài sinh vật thay đổi:

A. theo cấu trúc tuổi của quần thể.

B. do hoạt động của con người.

C. theo nhu cầu về nguồn sống của các cá thể trong quần thể.

D. theo mối quan hệ giữa các cá thể trong quần thể.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word  or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. Fill in the appropriate word in question 44

      It is relatively easy for computers to speak. A computer that says ‘please’ and ‘thank you’  in the right    places is (35) ___   miracle of science ,but recognizing the words that make up normal , continuous human speech is another (36) ___ 

     Not until now have computer been programmed to (37) ___ to a range of spoken commands.Until recently it was thought that computers would have tobe programmed to the accent and speech hahits of each user,and only then would be able to respond(38) ___to their master’s or mistress’s voice.Now rapid progress is being made (39) ______systems programmed to adapt easily to each new speaker.

     The IBM Tangora system,under development at the end of 1980s was claimed to (40) ______a spoken vocabulary of 20,000 words with 95 percent accuracy. The system includes a processor that can  make informed guesses as to(41)______is a likely sentence.That system has been programmed not only with grammatical rules,but also with an analyssis of a vast quantity of office correspondence.On the(42) ______

 of this information ,the machine can calculate the probability of one particular word following another.

      Statistical probability is necessary for computers to interpret not only speech but also

(43) ______data.

Security systems can distinguish between faces they have been taught to recognize,but never has a computer

been able to match a human’s ability to make sense of a three-dimemsional scene

(44) ______identifying all objects in it.

                  (From ‘Heinle & Heinle TOEFL Test Assistant .Grammar’ by Milada Broukal)

A. from

B. by

C. of

D. without

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Do you ever wish you were more optimistic, someone who always (45)____ to be successful? Having someone around who always fears the worst isn't really a lot of (46)____ - we all know someone who sees a single cloud on a sunny day and says, 'It looks like rain.' But if you catch yourself thinking such things, it's important to do something about it.

You can change your view of life, according to psychologist. It only takes a little (47)___, and you'll find life more rewarding as a (48)____. Optimism, they say, is partly about self-respect and confidence but it's also a more positive way of looking at life and all it has to (49)____. Optimists are more (50)_____ to start new projects and are generally more prepared to take risks.

Upbringing is obviously very important in forming your (51)___ to the world. Some people are brought up to depend too much on others and grow up forever blaming other people when anything (52)____ wrong. Most optimists, on the (53)____ hand, have been brought up not to (54)____ failure as the end of the world - they just get on with their lives.

Điền vào ô 54

A. regard 

B. respect

C. suppose

D. think

Những dạng nitơ trong đất được thực vật hấp thu bằng hệ rễ là:

A. dạng nitơ tự do trong khí quyển (N₂). 

B. nitơ nitrat (NO₃^-), nitơ amôn (NH₄⁺).

C. nitơnitrat (NO₃). 

D. nitơ amôn (NH₄⁺).

Hỗn hợp E gồm các este đều có công thức phân tử C₈H₈O₂ và chứa vòng benzen. Cho m gam E tác dụng tối đa với 60 ml dung dịch KOH 2M, đun nóng. Sau phản ứng, thu được dung dịch X và hỗn hợp ancol Y. Cho toàn bộ lượng Y vào bình đựng Na dư, phản ứng kết thúc khối lượng bình đựng Na tăng 3,14 gam so với ban đầu. Cô cạn dung dịch X được 13,7 gam chất rắn khan. Biết các phản ứng xảy ra hoàn toàn. Giá trị của m là

A. 10,88

B. 16,32

C. 8,16

D. 13,60

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on  your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 52.

A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica is that a huge freshwater, one of the world’s largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice. Now known as Lake  Vostok, this huge body of water is located under the ice block that comprises Antarctica. The lake is able to exist in its unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because its waters are warned by geothermal heat from the earth’s core. This thick glacier above Lake Vostok actually insulates it from frigid temperatures (the lowest ever recorded on Earth) on the surface.

The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was conducting an aerial survey of the area. Radio waves from the survey equipment penetrated the ice and revealed a body of water of indeterminate size. It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made scientists aware of the tremendous size of the lake; satellite-borne radar detected an extremely flat region where the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the lake.

The discovery of such a huge fresh water lake trapped under Antarctica is of interest to the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that have survived for thousands upon thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and elevated ultraviolet light that have conducting research on the lake in such a harsh climate and in the problems associated with obtaining uncontaminated sampled from the lake without actually exposing the lake to contamination. Scientists are looking for possible ways to accomplish this

All of the following are true about the 1970 survey of Antarctica EXCEPT that it________.

A. was conducted by air                                       

B. made use of radio waves

C. did not measure the exact size of the lake                 

D. was controlled by a satellite

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

In my experience, freshmen today are different from those I knew when I started as a counselor and professor 25 years ago. College has always been demanding both academically and socially. But students now are less mature and often not ready for the responsibility of being in college.

It is really too easy to point the finger at parents who protect their children from life’s obstacle. Parents, who handle every difficulty and every other responsibility for their children writing admission essays to picking college courses, certainly may contribute to their children’s lack of coping strategies. But we can look even more broadly to the social trends of today.

How many people do you know who are on medication to prevent anxiety or depression? The number of students who arrive at college already medicated for unwanted emotions has increased dramatically in the past 10 years. We, as a society, don’t want to “feel” anything unpleasant and we certainly don’t want our children to “suffer”.

The resulting problem is that by not experiencing negative emotions, one does not learn the necessary skills to tolerate and negotiate adversity. As a psychologist, I am well aware of the fact that some individuals suffer from depression and anxiety and can benefit from treatment, but I question the growing number of medicated adolescents today.

Our world is more stressful in general because of the current economic and political realities, but I don’t believe that the college experience itself is more intense today than that of the past 10 years. What I do think is that many students are often not prepared to be young “adults” with all the responsibilities of life.

What does this mean for college faculty and staff? We are required to assist in the basic parenting of these students – the student who complains that the professor didn’t remind her of the due date for an assignment that was clearly listed on the syllabus and the student who cheats on an assignment in spite of careful instructions about plagiarism.

As college professors, we have to explain what it means to be an independent college student before we can even begin to teach. As parents and teachers we should expect young people to meet challenges. To encourage them in this direction, we have to step back and let them fail and pick themselves up and move forward. This approach needs to begin at an early age so that college can actually be a passage to independent adulthood.

Question:Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. College faculty and staff are required to help in the parenting of problematic students.

B. The college experience itself is more intense today than that of the past 10 years.

C. Our world is more stressful because of the current economic and political situation.

D. Our society certainly doesn’t want our children to experience unpleasant things.

Một hỗn hợp X gồm Na, Al và Fe (với tỉ lệ mol Na và Al tương ứng là 5:4) tác dụng với H₂O dư thì thu được V lít khí, dung dịch Y và chất rắn Z. Cho Z tác dụng với dung dịch H₂SO₄ loãng dư thì thu được 0,25V lít khí (các khí đo ở cùng điều kiện). Thành phần % theo khối lượng của Fe trong hỗn hợp X là:

A. 14,4%

B. 33,43%

C. 34,8%

D. 20,07%

Peter was ejected after committing five personal ________ in water sport game yesterday.

A. mistakes

B. faults     

C. fouls     

D. error