a) \(G=\frac{\frac{3a}{b}-\frac{2b}{b}}{\frac{a}{b}-\frac{3b}{b}}=\frac{3.\frac{10}{3}-2}{\frac{10}{3}-3}=\frac{10-2}{\frac{1}{3}}=24\)

b) \(H_1=\frac{\frac{2a-3b}{b}}{\frac{4a+3b}{b}}=\frac{\frac{2a}{b}-\frac{3b}{b}}{\frac{4a}{b}+\frac{3b}{b}}=\frac{2.\frac{10}{3}-3}{4.\frac{10}{3}+3}=\frac{\frac{11}{3}}{\frac{49}{3}}=\frac{11}{49}\)

\(H_2=\frac{\frac{5a-4b}{b}}{\frac{3a+b}{b}}=\frac{5.\frac{a}{b}-4}{3.\frac{a}{b}+1}=\frac{5.\frac{10}{3}-4}{3.\frac{10}{3}+1}=\frac{\frac{38}{3}}{\frac{33}{3}}=\frac{38}{33}\)

=> \(H=\frac{11}{49}-\frac{38}{33}=\frac{-1499}{1617}\)

a)

`a>b`

`<=>2a>2b`

`<=>2a+4>2b+4`

b)

`a>b`

`<=>-2a<-2b`

`<=>7-2a<7-2b`

c)

`a>b`

`<=>5a>5b`

`<=>5a+3>5b+3`

mà `5b-3<5b+3`

`=>5a+3>5b-3`

d)

`a>b`

`<=>2a>2b`

`<=>2a+5>2b+5`

mà `2b+5>2b-1`

`=>2a+b>2b-1`

Tất cả các câu này đều có thể chứng minh bằng phép biến đổi tương đương:

a.

\(\Leftrightarrow a^{10}+b^{10}+a^4b^6+a^6b^4\le2a^{10}+2b^{10}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^{10}-a^6b^4+b^{10}-a^4b^6\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^6\left(a^4-b^4\right)-b^6\left(a^4-b^4\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^6-b^6\right)\left(a^4-b^4\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng

b.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2}{4}+b^2+c^2-ab+ac-2bc\right)+b^2-2b+1+c^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{2}-b+c\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+c^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

c.

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+4b^2+4c^2-4ab-8bc+4ac\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b+2c\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

d.

\(\Leftrightarrow4a^4-8a^3+4a^2+a^2-2a+1\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a^2-2a\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

=>\(a=bk;c=dk\)

1: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+3\cdot dk}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b+3d\right)}{2b+3d}=k\)

\(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b-3d\right)}{2b-3d}=k\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)

2: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4\cdot bk-3b}{4\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k-3\right)}{d\left(4k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

\(\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}=\dfrac{4bk+3b}{4dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k+3\right)}{d\left(4k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}\)

3: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)

\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)

4: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3bk-7b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k-7\right)}{b}=3k-7\)

\(\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}=\dfrac{3dk-7d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k-7\right)}{d}=3k-7\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}\)

a. Ta có: a > b

4a > 4b ( nhân cả 2 vế cho 4)

4a - 3 > 4b - 3 (cộng cả 2 vế cho -3)

b. Ta có: a > b

-2a < -2b ( nhân cả 2 vế cho -2)

1 - 2a < 1 - 2b (cộng cả 2 vế cho 1)

d. Ta có: a < b 

-2a > -2b ( nhân cả 2 vế cho -2)

5 - 2a > 5 - 2b (cộng cả 2 vế cho 5)

a) Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=bk\\c=dk\end{cases}}\)

Khi đó (2a + 3c)(2b - 3d) 

= (2bk + 3dk)(2b - 3d)

= k(2b + 3d)(2b - 3d) (1)

(2a - 3c)(2b + 3d)

= (2bk - 2dk)(2b + 3d)

= k(2b - 3d)(2b + 3d) (2)

Từ (1)(2) => (2a + 3c)(2b - 3d) = (2a - 3c)(2b + 3d)

b) Sửa đề (4a + 3b)(4c - 3d) = (4a - 3b)(4c + 3d) 

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=bk\\c=dk\end{cases}}\)

Ta có (4a + 3b)(4c - 3d) = (4bk + 3b)(4dk - 3d) = bd(4k + 3)(4k - 3) (1)

Lại có (4a - 3b)(4c + 3d) = (4bk - 3b)(3dk + 3d) = bd(4k- 3)(4k + 3) (2)

Từ (1)(2) => (4a + 3b)(4c - 3d) = (4a - 3b)(4c + 3d) 

1, Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a}{2b}=\frac{3c}{3d}=\frac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\frac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2a+3c\right).\left(2b-3d\right)=\left(2a-3c\right).\left(2b+3d\right)\)

        Vậy (2a + 3c).(2b - 3d) = (2a - 3c).(2b + 3d)

Câu 2 cũng tương tự nên tự làm đi