Ta có:

\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2\cdot2}< \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3\cdot3}< \dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4\cdot4}< \dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}\)

...

\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}=\dfrac{1}{9\cdot9}< \dfrac{1}{8\cdot9}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{10^2}=\dfrac{1}{10\cdot10}< \dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{10^2}< \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{10}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{9}{10}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< 1\) (vì: \(\dfrac{9}{10}< 1\))

221​=2⋅21​<1⋅21​

132=13⋅3<12⋅3321​=3⋅31​<2⋅31​

142=14⋅4<13⋅4421​=4⋅41​<3⋅41​

...

192=19⋅9<18⋅9921​=9⋅91​<8⋅91​

1102=110⋅10<19⋅101021​=10⋅101​<9⋅101​

⇒�=122+132+142+...+1102<11⋅2+12⋅3+13⋅4+...+19⋅10⇒A=221​+321​+421​+...+1021​<1⋅21​+2⋅3

a) Giải:

Ta có: \(4n-5=4\left(n-3\right)+7\)

Để \(\left(4n-5\right)⋮\left(n-3\right)\Leftrightarrow7⋮n-3\)

\(\Rightarrow n-3\inƯ\left(7\right)\)

Mà \(Ư\left(7\right)\in\left\{\pm1;\pm7\right\}\)

Nên ta có bảng sau:

Vậy \(n=\left\{2;4;-4;10\right\}\)

b) Ta có:

\(S=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}+\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{5}+\left(\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}\right)\)

Nhận xét:

\(\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}< \dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}< \dfrac{1}{60}+\dfrac{1}{60}+\dfrac{1}{60}=\dfrac{1}{20}\)

\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{20}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy \(S=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}+\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}\) \(< \dfrac{1}{2}\) (Đpcm)

D=\(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)

=>3D=1+\(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)

=>3D-D=(1+\(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\))-(\(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\))

=>2D=1-\(\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}< 1\)

=>D<\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy...

Ta có :

\(S=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}+\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}\)

\(S=\dfrac{1}{5}+\left(\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}\right)\)

Nhận xét :

\(\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}< \dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}< \dfrac{1}{60}+\dfrac{1}{60}+\dfrac{1}{60}=\dfrac{1}{20}\)

\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{20}\)

\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{2}\rightarrowđpcm\)

::((

so hard

\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{2019}+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{2020}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{3}A=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{2021}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{3}A=A-\dfrac{1}{3}A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{2020}-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{2021}=\dfrac{1}{3}-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{2021}< \dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}\)

Giải:

Ta có:

\(S=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}+\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{5}+\left(\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}\right)+\) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}\right)\)

Nhận xét:

\(\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}< \dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}< \dfrac{1}{60}+\dfrac{1}{60}+\dfrac{1}{60}=\dfrac{1}{20}\)

\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{20}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy \(S=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}+\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}\) \(< \dfrac{1}{2}\) (Đpcm)

\(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{15}+\dfrac{1}{61}+\dfrac{1}{62}+\dfrac{1}{63}< \dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{13}\cdot3+\dfrac{1}{61}\cdot3\\ =\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{13}+\dfrac{3}{61}< \dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{3}{60}=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{20}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

=> Điều phải chứng minh

Ta có:
1/2^2 > 1/2.3
1/3^2 > 1/3.4
...
1/10^2 > 1/10.11
-> Cộng dọc theo vế ta có:
1/2^2+1/3^2+...+1/10^2 > 1/2.3+1/3.4+...+1/10.11
                                         = 1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+...+1/10-1/11 

                                         = 1/2 - 1/11 = 9/22  (đpcm)