1:

a: =>(|x|+4)(|x|-1)=0

=>|x|-1=0

=>x=1; x=-1

b: =>x^2-4>=0

=>x>=2 hoặc x<=-2

d: =>|2x+5|=2x-5

=>x>=5/2 và (2x+5-2x+5)(2x+5+2x-5)=0

=>x=0(loại)

Bài 1:

a. 

$(4x^2+4x+1)-x^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x+1)^2-x^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (2x+1-x)(2x+1+x)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+1)(3x+1)=0$

$\Rightarrow x+1=0$ hoặc $3x+1=0$

$\Rightarrow x=-1$ hoặc $x=-\frac{1}{3}$

b.

$x^2-2x+1=4$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2=2^2$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2-2^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1-2)(x-1+2)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-3)(x+1)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x-3=0$ hoặc $x+1=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=3$ hoặc $x=-1$

c.

$x^2-5x+6=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x^2-2x)-(3x-6)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x(x-2)-3(x-2)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(x-3)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x-2=0$ hoặc $x-3=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2$ hoặc $x=3$

2c.

ĐKXĐ: $x\neq 0$

PT $\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{6}{x}=x+\frac{3}{2}$

$\Leftrightarrow -\frac{6}{x}=\frac{3}{2}$

$\Leftrightarrow x=-4$ (tm)

2d.

ĐKXĐ: $x\neq 2$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \frac{1+3(x-2)}{x-2}=\frac{3-x}{x-2}$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{3x-5}{x-2}=\frac{3-x}{x-2}$

$\Rightarrow 3x-5=3-x$

$\Leftrightarrow 4x=8$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2$ (không tm) 

Vậy pt vô nghiệm.

2f.

ĐKXĐ: $x\neq \pm 2$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \frac{(x-2)^2-3(x+2)}{(x+2)(x-2)}=\frac{2(x-11)}{(x-2)(x+2)}$

$\Rightarrow (x-2)^2-3(x+2)=2(x-11)$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4-3x-6=2x-22$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2-7x-2=2x-22$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2-9x+20=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-4)(x-5)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x-4=0$ hoặc $x-5=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=4$ hoặc $x=5$ (tm)

\(a)PT\Leftrightarrow4x^2-9-4x^2+20x+3x=0.\\ \Leftrightarrow23x=9.\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{9}{23}.\\ b)PT\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(4x-3\right)-\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0.\\\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(4x-3-2x+1\right)=0.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x-2\right)=0.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0. \)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-1}{2}.\\x=1.\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{-3;2;-1;\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{5}{x^2+x-6}-\dfrac{2}{x^2+4x+3}=\dfrac{-3}{2x-1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\dfrac{2}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{-3}{2x-1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\dfrac{2\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{-3}{2x-1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5x+5-2x+4}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{-3}{2x-1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x+9}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{3}{1-2x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{3}{1-2x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{3}{1-2x}\)

Suy ra: \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)=1-2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-2-1+2x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-3=0\)

\(\Delta=1^2-4\cdot1\cdot\left(-3\right)=13\)

Vì \(\Delta>0\) nên phương trình có hai nghiệm phân biệt là:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{13}}{2}\left(nhận\right)\\x_2=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(S=\left\{\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{13}}{2};\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\right\}\)

\(a,ĐK:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge5\\x\le3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\)

Vậy pt vô nghiệm

\(b,ĐK:x\le\dfrac{2}{5}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow4-5x=2-5x\\ \Leftrightarrow0x=2\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\)

\(c,ĐK:x\ge-\dfrac{3}{2}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x+5-2\sqrt{2x+3}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+3-2\sqrt{2x+3}+1\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2x+3}-1\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3=1\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=-1\left(tm\right)\\ d,PT\Leftrightarrow\left|x-1\right|=\left|2x-1\right|\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=2x-1\\x-1=1-2x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\sqrt{x-5}=\sqrt{3-x}\)

⇔\(\left(\sqrt{x-5}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{3-x}\right)^2\)

⇔\(x-5=3-x\)

⇔\(x=4\)

b) \(\sqrt{4-5x}=\sqrt{2-5x}\)

⇔\(\left(\sqrt{4-5x}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2-5x}\right)^2\)

⇔\(4-5x=2-5x\)

⇔\(2=0\) (Vô lí)

b, \(đk:x\ge2\)

Xét x=2 thay vào pt thấy không thỏa mãn => x>2 hay 27x-54>0

 \(x^3-11x+36x-18=4\sqrt[4]{27x-54}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow27x^3-297x^2+972x-486=4\sqrt[4]{\left(27x-54\right).81.81.81}\le189+27x\) (cosi với 4 số dương, dấu = xảy ra khi x=5)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-11x^2+35x-25\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-5\right)^2\le0\)  (*)

Có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>2\\\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1>0\\\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\) (2*)

Từ (*) và (2*) ,dấu = xra khi x=5 (thỏa mãn)
Vây pt có nghiệm duy nhất x=5

c,Có \(6\sqrt[3]{4x^3+x}=16x^4+5>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^3+x>0\)

Có: \(16x^4+5=6\sqrt[3]{4x^3+x}\le2\left(4x^3+x+2\right)\) (theo cosi với 3 số dương,dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\))

\(\Leftrightarrow16x^4-8x^3-2x+1\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)\le0\) (*)
(tương tự câu b) Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)(thỏa mãn)
Vậy....

d) Đk: \(x\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Áp dụng bđt cosi:

 \(\sqrt{2x-1}\le\dfrac{2x-1+1}{2}=x\)

 \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}\ge\dfrac{1}{x}\) (*)

\(\sqrt[4]{4x-3}\le\dfrac{4x-3+1+1+1}{4}=x\)

\(\dfrac{\Rightarrow1}{\sqrt[4]{4x-3}}\ge\dfrac{1}{x}\) (2*)

Từ (*) và (2*) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[4]{4x-3}}\ge\dfrac{2}{x}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1 (tm)

`a)\sqrtx+\sqrt{2-x}=(3x^2-2x+3)/(x^2+1)`

`đk:0<=x<=2`

`pt<=>sqrtx-1+\sqrt{2-x}-1=(3x^2-2x+3)/(x^2+1)-2`

`<=>(x-1)/(sqrtx+1)+(1-x)/(sqrt{2-x}+1)=(x^2-2x+1)/(x^2+1)`

`<=>(x-1)/(sqrtx+1)+(1-x)/(sqrt{2-x}+1)=(x-1)^2/(x^2+1)`

`<=>(x-1)((x-1)/(x^2+1)+1/(sqrt{2-x}+1)-1/(sqrtx+1))=0`

`<=>x-1=0<=>x=1`

Vậy `S={1}`

a: \(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x^2+2x+5\right)=0\)

=>x=0

b: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{x-1}-\dfrac{x+1}{x-3}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+3=2x\left(x-3\right)-2\left(x^2-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+3=2x^2-6x-2x^2+2=-6x+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1=0\)

=>x=-1(nhận)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x^2+2x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\) ( vì \(x^2+2x+5>0;\forall x\)

b.\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x\left(x-4\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{x+1}{x-3}\)

\(ĐK:x\ne1;3;4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{\left(x-1\right)}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{x+1}{x-3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x-\left(x^2-3x-x+3\right)=x^2-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x-x^2+4x-3=x^2-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+2x-2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)+2\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(ktm\right)\\x=-2\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{-2\right\}\)

\(a,2x^3+4x^2+10x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x\left(x^2+2x+5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=0\\x^2+2x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\\left(x+1\right)^2+4=0\left(vô..lí\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,ĐKXĐ:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne1\\x\ne3\\x\ne4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \dfrac{x^2-4x}{x^2-5x+4}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{x+1}{x-3}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x\left(x-4\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{x+1}{x-3}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{x-1}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{x+1}{x-3}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x\left(x-3\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}-\dfrac{2\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2-6x}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}-\dfrac{x^2-4x+3}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}-\dfrac{2x^2-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2-6x-x^2+4x-3-2x^2+2}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow-x^2-2x-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=-1\left(tm\right)\)

a: =>5x-5+17x=1-12x-4

=>22x-5=-12x-3

=>34x=2

hay x=1/17

b: =>\(\left(x-3\right)^2-4x\left(x-3\right)=0\)

=>(x-3)(-3x-3)=0

=>x=3 hoặc x=-1

c: =>(x-4)(x-6)=0

=>x=4 hoặc x=6