Công sai của cấp số cộng đó là:

\(u_3-u_1=u_1+2d-u_1=2d=2\cdot3=6\)

\(\dfrac{u_{n+1}}{n+1}=3.\dfrac{u_n}{n}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{u_n}{n}=v_n\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=\dfrac{1}{3}\\v_{n+1}=3v_n\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow v_n=\dfrac{1}{3}.3^{n-1}=3^{n-2}\)

\(\Rightarrow S=3^{-1}+3^0+...+3^8=...\)

\(a,u_1+u_n=u_1+\left[u_1+\left(n-1\right)d\right]=u_1+u_1+\left(n-1\right)d=2u_1+\left(n-1\right)d\\ u_2+u_{n-1}=\left[u_1+d\right]+\left[u_1+\left(n-2\right)d\right]=2u_1+\left(n-1\right)d\\ ...\\ u_k+u_{n-k+1}=\left[u_1+\left(k-1\right)d\right]+\left[u_1+\left(n-k+1-1\right)d\right]=2u_1+\left(n-1\right)d\)

\(b,u_1+u_n=2u_1+\left(n-1\right)d\\ u_2+u_{n-1}=2u_1+\left(n-1\right)d\\ ...\\ u_n+u_1=2u_1+\left(n-1\right)d\)

Cộng vế với vế, ta được:

\(2\left(u_1+u_2+...+u_n\right)=n\left[2u_1+\left(n-1\right)d\right]\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(u_1+u_2+...+u_n\right)=n\left(u_1+u_n\right)\)

\(U_n=\dfrac{\left(n^2-1\right)}{n\left(n+2\right)}U_{n-1}\Rightarrow n\left(n+2\right).U_n=\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right).U_{n-1}\)

Đặt \(n\left(n+2\right).U_n=V_n\Rightarrow V_{n-1}=\left(n-1\right)\left(n+2-1\right).U_{n-1}=\left(n-1\right).\left(n+1\right)U_{n-1}\)

\(\Rightarrow V_n=V_{n-1}\)

\(\Rightarrow V_n=V_{n-1}=V_{n-2}=...=V_1\)

Có \(V_1=1.\left(1+2\right).U_1=1\)

\(\Rightarrow V_n=1\)

\(\Rightarrow U_n=\dfrac{V_n}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.4}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015.2017}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}-\dfrac{1}{2017}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2016}-\dfrac{1}{2017}\right)\)

\(=...\)

\(u_3=u_1-u_2=6\)

\(u_4=u_2-u_3=3\)

\(u_5=u_3-u_4=3\)

2:

a: \(u_1=\dfrac{2-1}{1+1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(u_2=\dfrac{2\cdot2-1}{2+1}=1\)

\(u_3=\dfrac{2\cdot3-1}{3+1}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)

\(u_4=\dfrac{2\cdot4-1}{4+1}=\dfrac{7}{5}\)

b: Đặt \(\dfrac{2n-1}{n+1}=\dfrac{13}{7}\)

=>7(2n-1)=13(n+1)

=>14n-7=13n+13

=>n=20

=>13/7 là số hạng thứ 20 trong dãy

1:

a: u1=1^2-1=0

u2=2^2-1=3

u3=3^2-1=8

u4=4^2-1=15

b: 99=n^2-1

=>n^2=100

mà n>=0

nên n=10

=>99 là số thứ 10 trong dãy

1:

a:

u1=1^2+1=2

u2=2^2+1=5

u3=3^2+1=10

u4=4^2+1=17

b: Đặt 101=n^2+1

=>n^2=100

=>n=10

=>101 là số hạng thứ 10

2:

a: \(u1=\dfrac{1+1}{2-1}=2\)

\(u2=\dfrac{2+1}{2\cdot2-1}=\dfrac{3}{3}=1\)

\(u_3=\dfrac{3+1}{2\cdot3-1}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)

\(u_4=\dfrac{4+1}{2\cdot4-1}=\dfrac{5}{7}\)

b: Đặt \(\dfrac{n+1}{2n-1}=\dfrac{31}{59}\)

=>59(n+1)=31(2n-1)

=>62n-31=59n+59

=>3n=90

=>n=30

=>31/59 là số hạng thứ 30 trong dãy

Ta có:

\(\begin{array}{l}{u_2} = \frac{{{u_1}}}{{1 + {u_1}}} = \frac{1}{{1 + 1}} = \frac{1}{2}\\{u_3} = \frac{{{u_2}}}{{1 + {u_2}}} = \frac{{\frac{1}{2}}}{{1 + \frac{1}{2}}} = \frac{1}{3}\end{array}\)

Suy ra, \({u_n} = \frac{1}{n}\)