a, cos2x - sin7x = 0

⇔ cos2x = sin7x

⇔ cos2x = cos \(\left(7x-\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)\)

⇔ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}7x-\dfrac{\pi}{2}=2x+k2\pi\\7x-\dfrac{\pi}{2}=-2x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\) với k là số nguyên

⇔ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{10}+\dfrac{k.2\pi}{5}\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{18}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\) với k là số nguyên 

Điều kiện:

⇔ tan x.(1 - tanx) + tanx + 1 = 1 – tan x.

⇔ tan x - tan2x + 2.tan x = 0

⇔ tan2x - 3tanx = 0

⇔ tanx(tanx - 3) = 0

Vậy phương trình đã cho có tập nghiệm là:

{arctan 3+kπ; k ∈ Z }

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)

\(\dfrac{cosx}{sinx}-1=\dfrac{cos^2x-sin^2x}{1+\dfrac{sinx}{cosx}}+sin^2x-sinx.cosx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{cosx-sinx}{sinx}=cosx\left(cosx-sinx\right)-sinx\left(cosx-sinx\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cosx-sinx\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{sinx}-cosx+sinx\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cosx-sinx\right)\left(1-sinx.cosx+sin^2x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cosx-sinx\right)\left(3-sin2x-cos2x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cosx-sinx\right)\left(3-\sqrt{2}sin\left(2x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\right)=0\)

a.

\(\left(sin^2\dfrac{x}{2}+cos^2\dfrac{x}{2}\right)^2-2sin^2\dfrac{x}{2}cos^2\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2-\left(2sin\dfrac{x}{2}cos\dfrac{x}{2}\right)^2=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-sin^2x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^2x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)

b.

\(\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^3-3sin^2x.cos^2x\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)=\dfrac{7}{16}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-\dfrac{3}{4}\left(2sinx.cosx\right)^2=\dfrac{7}{16}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16-12.sin^22x=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3-4sin^22x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3-2\left(1-cos4x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos4x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x=\pm\dfrac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{6}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)

c.

\(\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^3-3sin^2x.cos^2x\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)=cos^22x+\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-\dfrac{3}{4}\left(2sinx.cosx\right)^2=cos^22x+\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3-3sin^22x=4cos^22x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3=3\left(sin^22x+cos^22x\right)+cos^22x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3=3+cos^22x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)

Đặt \(tan\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=t\)

\(\Rightarrow t^2+\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)t-\sqrt{3}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t\left(t-1\right)+\sqrt{3}\left(t-1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=1\\t=-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}tan\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=1\\tan\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=-\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{\pi}{12}+k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{2\pi}{3}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔ 3(2x – 1) – 5(x - 2) = x + 7

⇔ 6x – 3 – 5x + 10 = x + 7

⇔ x – x = 7- 7

⇔ 0x = 0 (pt thỏa mãn với mọi x)

Vậy phương trình đã cho có vô số nghiệm.

Đkxđ: \(x\ge3\)

pt đã cho \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-12+3\left(\sqrt{x-3}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)+3.\dfrac{x-4}{\sqrt{x-3}+1}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x-3}+1}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\left(nhận\right)\\x+3+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x-3}+1}=0\left(vôlí\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy pt đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=4\)