a, -x - y² + x² - y = (x² - y²) - (x + y)

= (x - y)(x + y) - (x + y)

= (x + y)(x - y - 1)

b, x( x + y ) - 5x - 5y = x(x + y) - 5(x + y)

= (x - 5)(x + y)
c, x² - 5x + 5y - y² = (x - y)(x + y) - 5(x - y)

= (x - y)(x + y - 5)
d, 5x³ - 5x²y - 10x² + 10xy = 5x²(x - y) - 10x(x - y)

= 5x(x - y)(x - 2)
e, 27x³ - 8y³ = (3x - 2y)(9x² + 6xy + 4y²)
f, x² - y² - x - y = (x - y)(x + y) - (x + y)

= (x + y)(x - y - 1)
g, x² - y² - 2xy + y² = (x² - 2xy + y²) - y²

= (x - y)² - y²

= (x - y - y)(x - y + y) = x(x - 2y)
h, x² - y² + 4 - 4x = (x² - 4x + 4) - y²

= (x - 2)² - y²

= (x - y - 2)(x + y - 2)
i, x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1 - 27z³ = (x + 1)³ - 27z³

= (x+1-3z)(x²+2x+1+3xz+3z+9z²)
k, 4x² + 4x - 9y² + 1 = (2x + 1)² - 9y²

= (2x - 3y + 1)(2x + 3y + 1)
m, x² - 3x + xy - 3y = x(x - 3) + y(x - 3)

= (x - 3)(x + y)

a) x²+y²-4x+4y+8=0

⇔ (x-2)²+(y+2)²=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)5x²-4xy+y²=0

⇔ x²+(2x-y)²=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

c)x²+2y²+z²-2xy-2y-4z+5=0

⇔ (x-y)²+(y-1)²+(z-2)²=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-1=0\\z-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y=1\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: Ta có: \(5x^2-4xy+y^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\dfrac{4}{5}xy+y^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{2}{5}y+\dfrac{4}{25}y^2+\dfrac{21}{25}y^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{2}{5}y\right)^2+\dfrac{21}{25}y^2=0\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

d)3x²+3y²+3xy-3x+3y+3=0

⇔ 6x²+6y²+6xy-6x+6y+6=0

⇔ 3(x+y)²+3(x-1)²+3(y+1)²=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\x-1=0\\y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(-x-y^2+x^2-y\)

\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right).1\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)

b) \(x\left(x+y\right)-5x-5y\)

\(=x\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-5\right)\)

c) \(x^2-5x+5y-y^2\)

\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-5\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\)

d) \(5x^3-5x^2y-10x^2+10xy\)

\(=5x\left(x^2-xy-2x+2y\right)\)

\(=5x\left[x\left(x-y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\right]\)

\(=5x\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2\right)\)

e) \(27x^3-8y^3\)

\(=\left(3x\right)^3-\left(2y\right)^3\)

\(=\left(3x-2y\right)\left[\left(3x\right)^2+3x2y+\left(2y\right)^2\right]\)

\(=\left(3x-2y\right)\left(9x^2+6xy+4y^2\right)\)

f) \(x^2-y^2-x-y\)

\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)

g) \(x^2-y^2-2xy+y^2\)

\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-y^2\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(x-y-y\right)\left(x-y+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y^2\right)x\)

h) \(x^2-y^2+4-4x\)

\(=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-y^2\)

\(=\left(x^2-2.2x+2^2\right)-y^2\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(x-2-y\right)\left(x-2+y\right)\)

i) \(x^6-y^6\)

\(=\left(x^3\right)^2-\left(y^3\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)\)

\(=\left[\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\right]\left[\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)

1)2xy+3z+6y+xz 

= x(2y + z) + 3(z + 2y)

= (x + 3)(2y + z)

2)x^4-9x^3+x^2-9x 

= x^2(x^2 + 1) - 9x(x^2 + 1)

= (x^2 + 1)(x^2 - 9x)

= x(x - 9)(x^2 + 1)

3)x^2-xy+x-y 

= x(x - y) + (x - y)

= (x + 1)(x - y)

4)xz+yz-5(x+y)

= z(x + y) - 5(x + y)

= (z - 5)(x + y)

5)3x^2-3xy-5x+5y 

= 3x(x - y) - 5(x - y)

= (3x - 5)(x - y)

6)x^2+4x-y^2+4y 

= (x - y)(x + y) + 4(x + y)

= (x - y + 4)(x + y)

a) x^2+2xy+y^2-16

=(x+y)²-16

=(x+y-4)(x+y+4)

b) 3x^2+5x-3xy-5y

=(3x²-3xy)+(5x-5y)

=3x(x-y)+5(x-y)

=(x-y)(3x+5)

c) 4x^2-6x^3y-2x^2+8x

ko bik hoặc sai đề

d) x^2-4-2xy+y^2

=(x-y)²-4

=(x-y+2)(x-y-2)

e) x^3-4x^2-12x+27

=sai đề

g) 3x^2-18x+27

=3(x²-6x+9)

=3(x-3)²

h) x^2-y^2-z^2-2yz

=x²-(y²+z²+2yx)

=x²-(y+z)²

=(x-y-z)(x+y+z)

k) 4x^2(x-6)+9y^2(6-x)

=4x²(x-6)-9y²(x-6)

=(x-6)(4x²-9y²)

=(x-6)(2x-3y)(2x+3y)

l)6xy+5x-5y-3x^2-3y^2

=(5x-5y)+(-3x²+6xy-3y²)

=5(x-y)-3(x²-2xy+y²)

=5(x-y)-3(x-y)²

=(x-y)(5-3(x-y))

=(x-y)(5-3x+3y)

a) \(3x^2-3xy-5x+5y\)

\(=\left(3x^2-3xy\right)-\left(5x-5y\right)\)

\(=3x\left(x-y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x-5\right)\)

b) \(2x^3y-2xy^3-4xy^2-2xy\)

\(=2xy\left(x^2-y^2-2y-1\right)\)

\(=2xy\left[x^2-\left(y^2+2y+1\right)\right]\)

\(=2xy\left[x^2-\left(y+1\right)^2\right]\)

\(=2xy\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\)

c) \(x^2+1+2x-y^2\)

\(=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+1+y\right)\left(x+1-y\right)\)

d) \(x^2+4x-2xy-4y+y^2\)

\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(4x-4y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+4\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y+4\right)\)

e) \(x^3-2x^2+x\)

\(=x\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)

\(=x\left(x-1\right)^2\)

f) \(2x^2+4x+2-2y^2\)

\(=2\left(x^2+2x+1-y^2\right)\)

\(=2\left[\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+y^2\right]\)

\(=2\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\right]\)

\(=2\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\)

a: =3x(x-y)-5(x-y)

=(x-y)(3x-5)

b: \(=2xy\left(x^2-y^2-2y-1\right)\)

\(=2xy\left[x^2-\left(y^2+2y+1\right)\right]\)

\(=2xy\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\)

d:

Sửa đề: x^2+4x-2xy-4y+y^2

=x^2-2xy+y^2+4x-4y

=(x-y)^2+4(x-y)

=(x-y)(x-y+4)

e: =x(x^2-2x+1)

=x(x-1)^2

f: =2(x^2+2x+1-y^2)

=2[(x+1)^2-y^2]

=2(x+1+y)(x+1-y)

a: =(6x)^2-(3x-2)^2

=(6x-3x+2)(6x+3x-2)

=(9x-2)(3x+2)

d: \(=\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2\right]\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2\right]\)

\(=4x\cdot\left[x^2+2x+1+x^2-2x+1\right]\)

=8x(x^2+1)

e: =(4x)^2-2*4x*3y+(3y)^2

=(4x-3y)^2

f: \(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}x^4-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\cdot2y^3+4y^6\right)\)

\(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x^2-2y^3\right)^2\)

g: =(4x)^3+1^3

=(4x+1)(16x^2-4x+1)

k: =x^3(27x^3-8)

=x^3(3x-2)(9x^2+6x+4)

l: =(x^3-y^3)(x^3+y^3)

=(x-y)(x+y)(x^2-xy+y^2)(x^2+xy+y^2)