Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(\frac{a}{3a+b+c}=\frac{a}{\frac{a+b+c}{3}+\frac{a+b+c}{3}+\frac{a+b+c}{3}+a+a}\leq \frac{a}{25}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{a+b+c}{3}}+\frac{1}{\frac{a+b+c}{3}}+\frac{1}{\frac{a+b+c}{3}}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)

hay \(\frac{a}{3a+b+c}\leq \frac{9a}{25(a+b+c)}+\frac{2}{25}\)

Hoàn toàn TT: \(\frac{b}{a+3b+c}\leq \frac{9b}{25(a+b+c)}+\frac{2}{25}; \frac{c}{a+b+3c}\leq \frac{9c}{25(a+b+c)}+\frac{2}{25}\)

Cộng theo vế các BĐT trên

\(\Rightarrow T\leq \frac{9(a+b+c)}{25(a+b+c)}+\frac{6}{25}=\frac{3}{5}\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$

Akai Haruma: em có một cách khác là chuẩn hóa, nhưng ko biết đúng không. Vì cô làm cách kia rồi nên em làm cách này, chứ em thích cách kia hơn.

BĐT trên là thuần nhất (đồng bậc) nên chuẩn hóa a + b + c = 3. Ta cần chứng minh:

\(\Sigma\frac{a}{2a+3}\le\frac{3}{5}\)

C1: Áp dụng BđT AM-GM \(\frac{a}{2a+3}=\frac{a}{a+a+1+1+1}\le\left(\frac{1}{25}+\frac{1}{25}+\frac{3a}{25}\right)\)

Tương tự hai BĐT còn lại và cộng theo vế ta thu được đpcm.

Cách 2: (ko hay + dài)

\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\left(\frac{a}{2a+3}-\frac{1}{5}\right)\le0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\left(\frac{3\left(a-1\right)}{5\left(2a+3\right)}-\frac{3}{25}\left(a-1\right)\right)+\Sigma\frac{3}{25}\left(a-1\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\left(a-1\right)\left(\frac{3}{5\left(2a+3\right)}-\frac{3}{25}\right)\le0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\frac{-30\left(a-1\right)^2}{5.25\left(2a+3\right)}\le0\) (đúng)

Ta có đpcm

Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=3a+b+c\\y=3b+a+c\\z=3c+a+b\end{cases}\left(x;y;z>0\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=5a+5b+5c=5\left(a+b+c\right)\)

Lại có: \(a+b+c=x-2a=y-2b=z-2c\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=5\left(x-2a\right)=5\left(y-2b\right)=5\left(z-2c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow4x-\left(y+z\right)=4\left(3a+b+c\right)-\left(4b+4c+2a\right)=10a\)

Tương tự ta có:\(4y-\left(x+z\right)=10b;4z-\left(x+y\right)=10c\)

\(\Rightarrow10T=\frac{4x-\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\frac{4y-\left(x+z\right)}{y}+\frac{4z-\left(x+y\right)}{z}\)

\(=12-\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{x+z}{y}+\frac{x+y}{z}\)

\(=12-\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}\right)\)\(\le12-6=6\)(Bđt Cô si)

\(\Rightarrow10T\le6\Rightarrow T\le\frac{6}{10}=\frac{3}{5}\)(Đpcm)

Dấu = khi a=b=c

A=\(\frac{a}{3a+b+c}+\frac{b}{3b+a+c}+\frac{c}{3c+a+b}\)

=>\(\frac{3}{2}\)-A=\(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{a}{3a+b+c}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{b}{3b+a+c}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{c}{3c+a+b}\)

<=>\(\frac{3}{2}\)-A=\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{6a+2b+2c}+\frac{1}{6b+2a+2c}+\frac{1}{6c+2a+2b}\right)\)

ta lại có

\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{6a+2b+2c}+\frac{1}{6b+2a+2c}+\frac{1}{6c+2a+2b}\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{6a+2b+2c+6b+2a+2c+6c+2a+2b}\right)=\frac{9}{10}\)<=>\(\frac{3}{2}-\)A\(\ge\frac{9}{10}\)<=>A\(\le\frac{3}{2}-\frac{9}{10}=\frac{3}{5}\)

dấu "=" xảy ra <=>a=b=c

a) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM : 

\(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^2+1\right)\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^2}.2\sqrt{a^2}\ge2ab.2a=4a^2b\)

b) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức :\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\forall x;y>0\)

 \(\frac{1}{a+3b}+\frac{1}{b+2c+a}\ge\frac{4}{a+3b+b+2c+a}=\frac{4}{2a+4b+2c}=\frac{2}{a+2b+c}\)

Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{b+3c}+\frac{1}{c+2a+b}\ge\frac{2}{b+2c+a}\\\frac{1}{c+3a}+\frac{1}{a+2b+c}\ge\frac{2}{b+2a+c}\end{cases}}\)

Cộng vế với vế ta được : \(VT+VP\ge2VP\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)(đpcm)

Gọi VT = T

Đặt \(x=3a+b+c;y=3b+c+a;z=3c+a+b\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=5\left(a+b+c\right)=5\left(x-2a\right)=5\left(y-2b\right)\)

\(=5\left(z-2c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow4x-\left(y+z\right)=10a;4y-\left(z+x\right)=10b;4z-\left(x+y\right)=10c\)

\(\Rightarrow10T=\frac{4x-\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\frac{4y-\left(z+x\right)}{y}+\frac{4z-\left(x+y\right)}{z}\)

\(=12-\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}\right)\le12-6=6\)

\(\Rightarrow T\le\frac{6}{10}=\frac{3}{5}\)

Dấu "=" khi a = b = c

\(VT=\sum\frac{a}{2a+a+b+c}\le\frac{1}{25}\sum\left(\frac{4a}{2a}+\frac{9a}{a+b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{25}\left(6+\frac{9\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}\right)=\frac{3}{5}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(\frac{a}{3a+b+c}=\frac{2a}{6a+2b+2c}=\frac{2a}{(a+b)+(a+c)+(a+b)+(a+c)+2a}\leq \frac{2a}{25}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{2a}\right)\)

\(=\frac{4}{25}(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c})+\frac{1}{25}\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế ta có:

\(\sum \frac{a}{3a+b+c}\leq \frac{4}{25}(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{a+c}{a+c}+\frac{b+c}{b+c})+\frac{3}{25}=\frac{12}{25}+\frac{3}{25}=\frac{3}{5}\)

(đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$

Với a, b, c là các số dương, áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\frac{b}{a+3b}+\frac{c}{b+3c}+\frac{a}{c+3a}=\frac{a+b+c}{a+3b+b+3c+c+3a}=\frac{a+b+c}{4a+4b+4c}=\frac{a+b+c}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a+3b}+\frac{c}{b+3c}+\frac{a}{c+3a}\le\frac{3}{4}\)

Ta có: \(\frac{b}{a+3b}+\frac{c}{b+3c}+\frac{a}{c+3a}\le\frac{3}{4}\)(*)

\(\Leftrightarrow3ba+3b+\frac{3c}{b+3c}+\frac{3a}{c+3a}\le\frac{9}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-3ba+3b+1-\frac{3c}{b+3c}+1-\frac{3a}{c+3a}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{a+3b}+\frac{b}{b+3c}+\frac{c}{c+3a}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy - swarch có

\(\frac{a}{a+3b}+\frac{b}{b+3c}+\frac{c}{c+3a}=\frac{a^2}{a^2+3ab}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+3bc}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+3ac}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3ab+3bc+3ca}\)

Ta sẽ chứng minh : \(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3ab+3bc+3ca}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(1\right)\)

Từ (1) \(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+3ab+3bc+3ca\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)(đúng)

Vậy (*) đúng

\(\frac{a}{3a+b+c}=\frac{a}{2a+a+b+c}\le\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{4a}{2a}+\frac{9a}{a+b+c}\right)=\frac{2}{25}+\frac{9}{25}\left(\frac{a}{a+b+c}\right)\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{b}{a+3b+c}\le\frac{2}{25}+\frac{9}{25}\left(\frac{b}{a+b+c}\right)\) ; \(\frac{c}{a+b+3c}\le\frac{2}{25}+\frac{9}{25}\left(\frac{c}{a+b+c}\right)\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(VT\le\frac{6}{25}+\frac{9}{25}\left(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}\right)=\frac{3}{5}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)