phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
1/ 16x3+54y3
2/ x5-3x4+3x3-x2
3/ 16x-5x2-3
4/ x2+4x+3
5/ x4+4
6/ 16x4 +1
Bài 9: Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
1, 5x2 – 10xy + 5y2 – 20z2 2, 16x – 5x2 – 3 3, x2 – 5x + 5y – y2 | 4, 3x2 – 6xy + 3y2 – 12z2 5, x2 + 4x + 3 6, (x2 + 1)2 – 4x2 7, x2 – 4x – 5
|
1.\(=5\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-4z^2\right)=5\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(2z\right)^2\right]=5\left(x+y-2z\right)\left(x+y+2z\right)\)
2. \(=\left(-5x^2+15x\right)+\left(x-3\right)=-5x\left(x-3\right)+\left(x-3\right)=\left(1-5x\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
3. \(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\)
4.\(=3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-4z^2\right)=3\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(2z\right)^2\right]=3\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\)
5. \(=\left(x^2+x\right)+\left(3x+3\right)=x\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
6. \(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^2\)
7. \(=\left(x^2+x\right)-\left(5x+5\right)=x\left(x+1\right)-5\left(x+1\right)=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(1,=5\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2\right]=5\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\\ 2,=-5x^2+15x+x-3=\left(x-3\right)\left(1-5x\right)\\ 3,=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\\ 4,=3\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2\right]=3\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\\ 5,=x^2+x+3x+3=\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ 6,=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^2\\ 7,=x^2+x-5x-5=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
Câu 1 (3,0 điểm): Tính
a) 3x2 (2x2 − 5x − 4)
b) (x + 1)2 + ( x − 2 )(x + 3 ) − 4x
c) (6 x5 y2 − 9 x4 y3 +12 x3 y4 ) : 3x3 y2
Câu 2 (4,0 điểm): Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) 7x2 +14xy b) 3x + 12 − (x2 + 4x)
c ) x2 − 2xy + y2 − z2 d) x2 − 2x −15
Câu 3 (0,5 điểm): Tìm x
a) 3x2 + 6x = 0 b) x (x − 1) + 2x − 2 = 0
Câu 4 (2,0 điểm): Cho hình bình hành ABCD (AB > BC). Tia phân giác của góc D cắt AB ở E, tia phân giác của góc B cắt CD ở F.
a) Chứng minh DE song song BF
b) Tứ giác DEBF là hình gì?
Câu 5 (0,5 điểm ):
Chứng minh rằng A= n3 + (n+1)3 + (n+2)3 chia hết cho 9 với mọi n ∈ N*
\(1,\\ a,=6x^4-15x^3-12x^2\\ b,=x^2+2x+1+x^2+x-3-4x=2x^2-x-2\\ c,=2x^2-3xy+4y^2\\ 2,\\ a,=7x\left(x+2y\right)\\ b,=3\left(x+4\right)-x\left(x+4\right)=\left(3-x\right)\left(x+4\right)\\ c,=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\\ d,=x^2-5x+3x-15=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+3\right)\\ 3,\\ a,\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x+2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 1
a)\(3x^2\left(2x^2-5x-4\right)=6x^4-15x^3-12x^2\)
b)\(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)-4x=x^2+2x+1+x^2+3x-2x-6-4x=2x^2-x-5\)
Bài 2
a) \(7x^2+14xy=7x\left(x+2y\right)\)
b) \(3x+12-\left(x^2+4x\right)=-x^2-x+12=\left(-x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
c) \(x^2-2xy+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2\)
d) \(x^2-2x-15=x^2+3x-5x-15=\left(x+3\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
Bài 2: Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
1) 6x3y - 12x2y2 + 6xy3 6) x – x -2
2) (x2 +4)2 -16 7) x4 - 5x2 + 4
3) 5x2 - 5xy - 10x + 10y 8) x2 – x3 - 2x2 - x
4) a3 - 3a + 3b – b3 9) (a3 – 27) – (3 – a)(6a + 9)
5) x2 - 2x – y2 +1 10) x2(y – z) + y2(z – x) + z2(x – y)
\(1,=6xy\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)=6xy\left(x-y\right)^2\\ 2,=\left(x^2+4-4\right)\left(x^2+4+4\right)=x^2\left(x^2+8\right)\\ 3,=5x\left(x-y\right)-10\left(x-y\right)=5\left(x-2\right)\left(x-y\right)\\ 4,=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)-3\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2-3\right)\\ 5,=\left(x-1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\\ 6,Sửa:x^2-x-2=x^2+x-2x-2=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\\ 7,=x^4-4x^2-x^2+4=\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\\ =\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ 8,=-x^3-x^2-x=-x\left(x^2+x+1\right)\\ 9,=\left(a-3\right)\left(a^2+3a+9\right)+\left(a-3\right)\left(6a+9\right)\\ =\left(a-3\right)\left(a^2+9a+18\right)\\ =\left(a-3\right)\left(a^2+3a+6a+18\right)\\ =\left(a-3\right)\left(a+3\right)\left(a+6\right)\)
\(10,=x^2y-x^2z+y^2z-xy^2+z^2\left(x-y\right)\\ =xy\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\\ =\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-xz-yz+z^2\right)\\ =\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
bài 1 phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử
a) x2 + 4x +3 b) 16x - 5x2 - 3 c) 2x2 + 7x + 5
d) 2x2 + 3x -5 e) x3 - 3x2 + 1 - 3x f ) x2 - 4x - 5
g) (a2 + 1 )2 - 4a2 h) x3 - 3x2 - 4x + 12 i) x4 + x3 + x + 1
k) x4 - x3 - x2 + 1 l ) (2x + 1 )2 - ( x - 1 )
\(a,=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\\ b,=-5x^2+15x+x-3=\left(x-3\right)\left(1-5x\right)\\ c,=2x^2+2x+5x+5=\left(2x+5\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ d,=2x^2-2x+5x-5=\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+5\right)\\ e,=x^3+x^2-4x^2-4x+x+1=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-4x+1\right)\\ f,=x^2+x-5x-5=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
bài 1:phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a,x4 +5x2 +9
b,x4 + 3x2 +4
c,2x4 - x2 -1
Bài 2:tìm x biết
a,(x+1) (x+2)(x+3)(x+4)= 120
b,(x-4x+3)(x2+6x +8) +24
Bài 1:
\(a,x^4+5x^2+9\\=(x^4+6x^2+9)-x^2\\=[(x^2)^2+2\cdot x^2\cdot3+3^2]-x^2\\=(x^2+3)^2-x^2\\=(x^2+3-x)(x^2+3+x)\)
\(b,x^4+3x^2+4\\=(x^4+4x^2+4)-x^2\\=[(x^2)^2+2\cdot x^2\cdot2+2^2]-x^2\\=(x^2+2)^2-x^2\\=(x^2+2-x)(x^2+2+x)\)
\(c,2x^4-x^2-1\\=2x^4-2x^2+x^2-1\\=2x^2(x^2-1)+(x^2-1)\\=(x^2-1)(2x^2+1)\\=(x-1)(x+1)(2x^2+1)\)
Bài 2:
\(a,\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)=120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)\right]\cdot\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\right]=120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)=120\) (1)
Đặt \(x^2+5x+5=y\), khi đó (1) trở thành:
\(\left(y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)=120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-1=120\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2=121\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=11\\y=-11\end{matrix}\right.\)
+, TH1: \(y=11\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+5=11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+6x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)+6\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\left(\text{nhận}\right)\)
+, TH2: \(y=-11\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+5=-11\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{2}+\left(\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2\right]-\dfrac{25}{4}+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{4}=0\)
Ta thấy: \(\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{4}\ge\dfrac{39}{4}>0\forall x\)
Mà \(\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{4}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) loại
Vậy \(x\in\left\{1;-6\right\}\).
\(b,\) Đề thiếu vế phải rồi bạn.
phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) x2- x- y2- y
b) x2- 2xy- y2-z2
c) 5x- 5y+ 4x- ay
d) 3x3- x2-21x+ 7
e) x3- 4x2- 8x- 8
f) x3- 5x2- 5x+ 1
g) x2y- xz+ z- y
h) x4- x3+ x2- 1
i) x4- x2+ 10x- 25
a: \(x^2-y^2-x-y\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)
f: \(x^3-5x^2-5x+1\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-5x\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-6x+1\right)\)
Phân tích đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) 40x4-10x2
b) 16x4-20x2-y2-5y
c) 64a2-9b2-16a+1
d) 5x2+23x-10
e) 7x2-13xy-2y2
f) x4-23x2y2+y4
g) (x2+3x)2+7(x2+3x)+10
h) x(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)-8
a) \(40x^4-10x^2=10x^2\left(4x^2-1\right)=10x^2\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
b) \(16x^4-20x^2-y^2-5y=\left(4x^2-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2-\left(y-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2=\left(4x^2-\dfrac{5}{2}-y+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\left(4x^2-\dfrac{5}{2}+y-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)=\left(4x^2-y\right)\left(4x^2+y-5\right)\)c)\(64a^2-9b^2-16a+1=\left(8a-1\right)^2-9b^2=\left(8a-1-3b\right)\left(8a-1+3b\right)\)d) \(5x^2+23x-10=5\left(x-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
a: \(40x^4-10x^2\)
\(=10x^2\left(4x^2-1\right)\)
\(=10x^2\cdot\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
b: \(16x^4-20x^2-y^2-5y\)
\(=\left(4x^2-y\right)\left(4x^2+y\right)-5\left(4x^2+y\right)\)
\(=\left(4x^2+y\right)\left(4x^2-y-5\right)\)
c: Ta có: \(64a^2-9b^2-16a+1\)
\(=\left(8a-1\right)^2-9b^2\)
\(=\left(8a-1-3b\right)\left(8a-1+3b\right)\)
d: Ta có: \(5x^2+23x-10\)
\(=5x^2+25x-2x-10\)
\(=\left(x+5\right)\left(5x-2\right)\)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) 16x2+24x+9
b) -36a2b2+12ab-1
c) (3-7x)2-2(3-7x)(x-2)2+4-4x+x2
d) 81-(25x2-10x+1)
e) 16x4-1
f) x3-125
g) 27x3-8
h) x2-6x-1
i) x4+3x2+4
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) xy + y2 – x – y
b) 25 – x2 + 4xy – 4y2
c) 4x3 + 4xy2 + 8x2y – 16x
d) (x2 + x)2 + 4(x2 + x) – 12
e) (x + 1) (x + 2) (x + 3) (x + 4) - 24 g)
h) x2 – 5x + 4
i) x4 – 5x2 + 4
j) x3 – 2x2 + 6x – 5
k) x2 – 4x + 3
a: \(=x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
b: \(=25-\left(x-2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(5-x+2y\right)\left(5+x-2y\right)\)
cho hai đa thức :A=x5 -3x3+x2-x3-3+2x;B=x4-3x-2+5x2-3x4+2x5 a)sắp xếp đa thức A và B theo luỹ thừa của biến b) tính A+B, A-
a. \(A=x^5-3x^3+x^2-x^3-3+2x=x^5-4x^3+x^2+2x-3\)
\(B=x^4-3x-2+5x^2-3x^4+2x^5=2x^5-2x^4+5x^2-3x-2\)
b. \(A+B=x^5-4x^3+x^2+2x-3+2x^5-2x^4+5x^2-3x-2\)
\(=3x^5-2x^4-4x^3+6x^2-x-5\)