Gọi D là trung điểm BC và G là trọng tâm tam giác ABC

Theo tính chất trọng tâm: \(AG=\dfrac{2}{3}AD\)

\(\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right|=\left|2\overrightarrow{MA}-\overrightarrow{MB}-\overrightarrow{MC}\right|\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{BM}+\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{CM}\right|\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|3\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right|\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|3\overrightarrow{MG}\right|=\left|-2\overrightarrow{AD}\right|\)

\(\Leftrightarrow MG=\dfrac{2}{3}AD=AG\)

\(\Rightarrow\) Tập hợp M là mặt cầu tâm G bán kính AG với G là trọng tâm tam giác ABC

a)

\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{BC}\)

\(=\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)

\(=\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{1}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{BC}-\overrightarrow{BA}\right)\)

\(=\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}-\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}\)

\(=\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\)

b) Ta có: \(\overrightarrow{BK}=\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}=\frac{4}{3}\left(\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=\frac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{BI}\)

=> B,K,I thẳng hàng

c) \(27\overrightarrow{MA}-8\overrightarrow{MB}=2015\overrightarrow{MC}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow27\left(\overrightarrow{MC}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right)-8\left(\overrightarrow{MC}+\overrightarrow{CB}\right)=2015\overrightarrow{MC}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow27\overrightarrow{MC}+27\overrightarrow{CA}-8\overrightarrow{MC}-8\overrightarrow{CB}-2015\overrightarrow{MC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-1996\overrightarrow{MC}+27\overrightarrow{CA}-8\overrightarrow{CB}=\overrightarrow{0}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1996\overrightarrow{CM}=8\overrightarrow{CB}-27\overrightarrow{CA}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{CM}=\frac{8\overrightarrow{CB}-27\overrightarrow{CA}}{1996}\)

Vậy: Dựng điểm M sao cho \(\overrightarrow{CM}=\frac{8\overrightarrow{CB}-27\overrightarrow{CA}}{1996}\)

Do là giao điểm của hai đường chéo hình bình hành nên:
\(\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}+\overrightarrow{MD}\)\(=\overrightarrow{MO}+\overrightarrow{OA}+\overrightarrow{MO}+\overrightarrow{OB}+\overrightarrow{MO}+\overrightarrow{OC}+\overrightarrow{MO}+\overrightarrow{OD}\)
\(=4\overrightarrow{MO}+\overrightarrow{OA}+\overrightarrow{OB}+\overrightarrow{OC}+\overrightarrow{OD}\)
\(=4\overrightarrow{MO}\) (ĐPCM).

1D

2C

Ta có:

\(\vec{AN}=\vec{AM}+\vec{MN}\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{3}\vec{AC}+\dfrac{1}{4}\vec{MB}\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{3}\vec{AC}+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\vec{AB}-\vec{AM}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\vec{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\vec{AC}\)

\(\vec{AP}=\vec{AC}+\vec{CP}\)

\(=\vec{AC}+\dfrac{1}{k+1}\vec{CB}\)

\(=\vec{AC}+\dfrac{1}{k+1}\left(\vec{AB}-\vec{AC}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{k+1}\vec{AB}+\dfrac{k}{k+1}\vec{AC}\)

A, N, P thẳng hàng khi:

\(\dfrac{\dfrac{k}{k+1}}{\dfrac{1}{k+1}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}}{\dfrac{1}{4}}\Leftrightarrow k=2\)

Kết luận: \(k=2\)

a.

Gọi G là trọng tâm tam giác ABC \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)

\(\Rightarrow T=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GC}\right|\)

\(=\left|3\overrightarrow{MG}\right|=3\left|\overrightarrow{MG}\right|\)

\(\Rightarrow T_{min}\) khi và chỉ khi \(MG_{min}\Rightarrow MG=0\) hay M trùng G

Theo công thức trọng tâm: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_M=\dfrac{2-1+6}{3}=\dfrac{7}{3}\\y_M=\dfrac{3-1+0}{3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow M\left(\dfrac{7}{3};\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)

b.

Tương tự câu a, ta có \(T=3\left|\overrightarrow{MG}\right|\) đạt min  khi MG đạt min

\(\Rightarrow\) M là hình chiếu vuông góc của G lên Ox

Mà \(G\left(\dfrac{7}{3};\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\Rightarrow M\left(\dfrac{7}{3};0\right)\)

c.

Do M thuộc Ox nên tọa độ có dạng: \(M\left(m;0\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{MA}=\left(2-m;3\right)\\\overrightarrow{MB}=\left(-1-m;-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{u}=\left(3m+6;7\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{u}\right|=\sqrt{\left(3m+6\right)^2+7^2}\ge\sqrt{0+7^2}=7\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(3m+6=0\Rightarrow m=-2\)

\(\Rightarrow M\left(-2;0\right)\)