a, áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{-10}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{2x-3y}{2.\left(-10\right)-3.6}-\dfrac{76}{-38}=-2\)

\(\dfrac{x}{-10}=-2\Rightarrow x=20\\ \dfrac{y}{6}=-2\Rightarrow y=-12\)

b, áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{2x+5y}{2.4+5.5}=\dfrac{66}{33}=2\)

\(\dfrac{x}{4}=2\Rightarrow x=8\\ \dfrac{y}{5}=2\Rightarrow y=10\)

\(a,\dfrac{x}{-10}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{2x-3y}{-20-18}=\dfrac{76}{-38}=-2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=20\\y=-12\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{2x+5y}{8+25}=\dfrac{66}{33}=2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\y=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(A=\left(-\dfrac{2}{3}x^3y^4\right)^2.\left(-3x^5y^2\right)^3\)

\(A=\left(\dfrac{4}{9}x^6y^8\right).\left(-27x^{15}y^6\right)\)

\(A=\left(\dfrac{4}{9}.-27\right)\left(x^6.x^{15}\right)\left(y^8.y^{16}\right)\)

\(A=-12x^{21}y^{24}\)

\(\text{Hệ số:-12}\)

\(\text{Bậc:45}\)

\(B=\left(3x^2y\right).\left(-\dfrac{1}{3}x^3y\right).\left(-\dfrac{1}{4}x^3y^4\right)\)

\(B=\left(3.-\dfrac{1}{3}.-\dfrac{1}{4}\right).\left(x^2.x^3.x^3\right).\left(y.y.y^4\right)\)

\(B=\dfrac{1}{4}x^8y^6\)

\(\text{Hệ số:}\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\text{Bậc:14}\)

\(2x=3y\text{⇒}\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{2}\text{⇒}\dfrac{x}{21}=\dfrac{y}{14}\)

\(5y=7z\text{⇒}\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{5}\text{⇒}\dfrac{y}{14}=\dfrac{z}{10}\)

⇒\(\dfrac{x}{21}=\dfrac{y}{14}=\dfrac{z}{10}\)⇒\(\dfrac{3x}{63}=\dfrac{7y}{98}=\dfrac{5z}{50}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\dfrac{3x}{63}=\dfrac{7y}{98}=\dfrac{5z}{50}=\dfrac{3x-7y+5z}{63-98+50}=\dfrac{30}{15}=2\)

⇒x=42,y=28,z=20

\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{2}\)⇒\(\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{10}\)

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}\text{⇒}\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{z}{21}\)

⇒\(\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{10}=\dfrac{z}{21}\)⇒\(\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{2y}{20}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{2y}{20}=\dfrac{x+2y}{15+20}=\dfrac{-112}{35}=\dfrac{-16}{5}\)

⇒x=48,y=32,z=336/5

Lời giải:

1. Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:

$\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{2}=\frac{2y}{4}=\frac{x+2y}{3+4}=\frac{-112}{7}=-16$

$\Rightarrow x=-16.3=-48; y=-16.2=-32$

Đoạn $\frac{x}{5}=\frac{x}{7}$ là sao em? Em xem lại đề.

2. 

$2x=3y\Rightarrow \frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{2}\Rightarrow \frac{x}{21}=\frac{y}{14}(1)$

$5y=7z\Rightarrow \frac{y}{7}=\frac{z}{5}\Rightarrow \frac{y}{14}=\frac{z}{10}(2)$

Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow \frac{x}{21}=\frac{y}{14}=\frac{z}{10}$

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỷ số bằng nhau:

$\frac{x}{21}=\frac{y}{14}=\frac{z}{10}$

$=\frac{3x}{63}=\frac{7y}{98}=\frac{5z}{50}=\frac{3x-7y+5z}{63-98+50}=\frac{30}{15}=2$

$\Rightarrow x=2.21=42; y=2.14=28; z=2.10=20$

\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{-3}{4}\)

⇒\(\dfrac{x}{-3}=\dfrac{y}{4}\) 

⇒\(\dfrac{2x}{-6}=\dfrac{3y}{12}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\dfrac{2x}{-6}=\dfrac{3y}{12}=\dfrac{3y-2x}{12-\left(-6\right)}=\dfrac{36}{18}=2\)

⇒\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2.-3=-6\\y=2.4=8\end{matrix}\right.\)

h) x/y = 9/10 ⇒  y/10 = x/9

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

y/10 = x/9 = (y - x)/(10 - 9) = 120/1 = 120

*) x/9 = 120 ⇒ x = 120.9 = 1080

*) y/10 = 120 ⇒ y = 120.10 = 1200

Vậy x = 1080; y = 1200

k) x/y = 3/4

⇒ x/3 = y/4

⇒ 5y/20 = 3x/9

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

5y/20 = 3x/9 = (5y - 3x)/(20 - 9) = 33/11 = 3

*) 3x/9 = 3 ⇒ x = 3.9:3 = 9

*) 5y/20 = 3 ⇒ y = 3.20:5 = 12

Vậy x = 9; y = 12

\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{7}{20}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{7}=\dfrac{y}{20};\dfrac{z}{y}=\dfrac{5}{8}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y}{8}=\dfrac{z}{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{14}=\dfrac{y}{40}=\dfrac{z}{25}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn

\(\dfrac{x}{14}=\dfrac{y}{40}=\dfrac{z}{25}=\dfrac{2x+5y-2z}{14\cdot2+40\cdot5-2\cdot25}=\dfrac{100}{178}=\dfrac{50}{89}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{700}{89}\\y=\dfrac{2000}{89}\\z=\dfrac{1250}{89}\end{matrix}\right.\)