a. Bạn tự giải

b. \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=4m-5\\4x+2y=6m\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=4m-5\\5x=10m-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2m-1\\y=-m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=-1\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{2m-1}-\dfrac{1}{-m+2}=-1\) (\(m\ne\left\{\dfrac{1}{2};2\right\}\))

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(-m+2\right)-\left(2m-1\right)=\left(m-2\right)\left(2m-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2m^2-m-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=-1\\m=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Thay m=1 vào hệ phương trình, ta được:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=2\\2x+3y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+4y=4\\2x+3y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=5\\x+2y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=5\\x+10=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-8\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Khi m=1 thì hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là (x,y)=(-8;5)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=m+1\\2x+3y=m-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+4y=2m+2\\2x+3y=m-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=m+4\\x+2\cdot\left(m+4\right)=m+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2m+8=m+1\\y=m+4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-m-7\\y=m+4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Để hệ phương trình có nghiệm (x,y) thỏa mãn x>3 và y<5 thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-m-7>3\\m+4< 5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-m>10\\m< 1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m< -10\\m< 1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow m< -10\)

Vậy: Để hệ phương trình có nghiệm (x,y) thỏa mãn x>3 và y<5 thì m<-10

a. 

⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=4.3-5\\2x+y=3.3\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=7\\2x+y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2x+4y=-14\\2x+y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5y=-5\\2x+y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\2x-1=9\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy nghiệm của hpt là: (5;1)

9) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{7}{2x+y}+\dfrac{4}{2x-y}=74\\\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{2}{2x-y}=32\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{21}{2x+y}+\dfrac{12}{2x-y}=222\\\dfrac{21}{2x+y}+\dfrac{14}{2x-y}=224\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{2x-y}=2\\\dfrac{7}{2x+y}+\dfrac{4}{2x-y}=74\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=\dfrac{1}{10}\\2x-y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2y=\dfrac{9}{10}\\2x+y=\dfrac{1}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{9}{20}\\x=\dfrac{11}{40}\end{matrix}\right.\)

10) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y-1\\2x-y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-4y=-2\\2x-y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y-1\\3y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{11}{3}\\y=\dfrac{7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

11) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-6=0\\2y-x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=6\\y=\dfrac{x+4}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

12) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=5\\x+7y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=5\\2x+14y=18\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=5\\13y=13\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

13) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{4}{y}=2\\\dfrac{4}{x}-\dfrac{5}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐKXĐ: \(x,y\ne0\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{12}{x}-\dfrac{16}{y}=8\\\dfrac{12}{x}-\dfrac{15}{y}=9\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{4}{y}=2\\\dfrac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\\y=1\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

14) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{12}\\\dfrac{8}{x}+\dfrac{15}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐKXĐ: \(x,y\ne0\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{8}{x}+\dfrac{8}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\\dfrac{8}{x}+\dfrac{15}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{12}\\\dfrac{7}{y}=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=28\left(tm\right)\\y=21\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

15) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y-1}=1\\\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1,y\ge1\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}=3\\\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=1\\y-1=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=2\left(tm\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=m-6\\\left(m+3\right)x-2y=4m-13\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo điều kiện có nghiệm duy nhất của hệ thì:

\(\frac{m+3}{1}\ne\frac{-2}{-1}\Leftrightarrow m\ne-1\)

Khi đó: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+6=m\\3x-2y+13=4m-mx\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+6=m\\\frac{3x-2y+13}{4-x}=m\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x-y+6=\frac{3x-2y+13}{4-x}\)

Đây là biểu thức liên hệ 2 nghiệm ko phụ thuộc m

Muốn chắc chắn hơn, bạn có thể biện luận riêng trường hợp \(x=4\)

Bài 1:

Đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\dfrac{1}{2x-2}\\v=\dfrac{1}{y-1}\end{matrix}\right.\) (ĐK: \(x,y\ne1\))  

Hệ trở thành:

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u-v=2\\3u-2v=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3u-3v=6\\3u-2v=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-v=5\\u-v=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=-5\\u=2+-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=-5\\u=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Trả lại ẩn của hệ pt:

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{y-1}=-5\\\dfrac{1}{2x-2}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=-\dfrac{1}{5}\\2x-2=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{4}{5}\\x=\dfrac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\left(tm\right)\)