Cho \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) và b + d khác 0. Chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{3a^2+c^2}{3b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{\left(b+d\right)^2}\)
1. Cho tỉ lệ thức \(\dfrac{a}{b}\) = \(\dfrac{c}{d}\). CMR:
a) \(\dfrac{3a+5c}{3b+5d}\) = \(\dfrac{a-2c}{b-2d}\).
b) \(\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{ab}\) = \(\dfrac{c^2-d^2}{cd}\).
c) \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2}\) = \(\dfrac{\left(c+d\right)^2}{c^2+d^2}\).
d) \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3\) = \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}\).
Gíup mình với cảm ơn các bạn rất nhiều!!!!!!!!!
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
a) \(\dfrac{3a+5c}{3b+5d}=\dfrac{3\cdot bk+5\cdot dk}{3b+5d}=\dfrac{k\left(3b+5d\right)}{3b+5d}=k\) (1)
\(\dfrac{a-2c}{b-2d}=\dfrac{bk-2dk}{b-2d}=\dfrac{k\left(b-2d\right)}{b-2d}=k\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3a+5c}{3b+5d}=\dfrac{a-2c}{b-2d}\left(dpcm\right)\)
b) \(\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{ab}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2-b^2}{bk\cdot b}=\dfrac{b^2k^2-b^2}{b^2k}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k-1\right)}{b^2k}=\dfrac{k-1}{k}\)(1)
\(\dfrac{c^2-d^2}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(dk\right)^2-d^2}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{d^2k^2-d^2}{d^2k}=\dfrac{d^2\left(k-1\right)}{d^2k}=\dfrac{k-1}{k}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{ab}=\dfrac{c^2-d^2}{cd}\left(dpcm\right)\)
c) \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{b^3\left(k+1\right)^3}{d^3\left(k+1\right)^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^3+b^3}{\left(dk\right)^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3k^3+b^3}{d^3k^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3\left(k^3+1\right)}{d^3\left(k^3+1\right)}=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}\left(dpcm\right)\)
giúp mình câu d) luôn nha phong
cảm ơn phong nha
cho \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\), chứng minh rằng:
a) \(\dfrac{3a^6+c^6}{3b^6+d^6}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^6}{\left(b+d\right)^6}\)
b) \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{5b-3a}{5c-3d}\)
ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^6}{b^6}=\dfrac{c^6}{d^6}=\dfrac{3a^6}{3b^6}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ sốbằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^6}{b^6}=\dfrac{c^6}{d^6}=\dfrac{3a^6}{3b^6}=\dfrac{a^6+c^6}{b^6+d^6}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^6}{\left(b+d\right)^6}\)
=\(\dfrac{c^6+3a^6}{d^6+3b^6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3a^6+c^6}{3b^6+d^6}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^6}{\left(b+d\right)^6}\) (ĐPCM)
Cho a, b, c, d > 0. Chứng minh rằng:
1.
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}\)+ \(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}\)+ \(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}\) ≥ 1
2.
\(\dfrac{a}{b+2c+3d}\)+\(\dfrac{b}{c+2d+3a}\)+\(\dfrac{c}{d+2a+3b}\)+ \(\dfrac{d}{a+2b+3c}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)
3.
\(\dfrac{a^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\) + \(\dfrac{b^4}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\) + \(\dfrac{c^4}{\left(c+d\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\) + \(\dfrac{d^4}{\left(d+a\right)\left(d^2+a^2\right)}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)
Bất đẳng thức BuNyaKovSky ( BCS )
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}=\dfrac{a^2}{a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy Schwarz có:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}+b\sqrt{b^2+8bc}+c\sqrt{c^2+8bc}}\)
Lại sử dụng bđt Cauchy schwarz ta có:
\(a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}+b\sqrt{b^2+8ac}+c\sqrt{c^2+8ab}=\sqrt{a}\cdot\sqrt{a^3+8abc}+\sqrt{b}\cdot\sqrt{b^3+8abc}+\sqrt{c}\cdot\sqrt{c^3+8abc}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc\right)}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc}}\)
=> Ta cần chứng minh: \(\left(a+b+c\right)^3\ge a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc\)
hay \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8abc\)
Áp dụng bđt Cosi ta có:
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab};b+c\ge2\sqrt{bc};c+a\ge2\sqrt{ca}\)
Nhân các vế của 3 bđt trên ta đc:
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge2\sqrt{ab}\cdot2\sqrt{bc}\cdot2\sqrt{ca}=8\sqrt{a^2b^2c^2}=8abc\)
=> Đpcm
Cho \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)(b, c, d ≠ 0 , b + d ≠ 0). Chứng minh rằng: \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)
Theo đề bài ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\) ( 1 )
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(k=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)
\(k^2=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\) ( 2 )
Mà từ ( 1 ) = > \(k^2=\dfrac{a}{c}.\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) ( 3 )
Từ ( 2 ) , ( 3 )
= > \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\) ( đpcm )
1) Cho \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) . Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{2a^2-3ab+5b^2}{2a^2+3ab}=\dfrac{2c^2-3cd+5d^2}{2c^2+3cd}\)
2) Cho \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\). Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{b^2-c^2}{a^2+c^2}=\dfrac{b-a}{a}\)
3) Cho \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\).Chứng minh rằng\(\dfrac{3a^6+c^6}{3b^6+d^6}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^6}{\left(b+d\right)^6}\)
Bài 1:
$\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt; c=dt$. Khi đó:
\(\frac{2a^2-3ab+5b^2}{2a^2+3ab}=\frac{2(bt)^2-3.bt.b+5b^2}{2(bt)^2+3bt.b}=\frac{b^2(2t^2-3t+5)}{b^2(2t^2+3t)}\)
$=\frac{2t^2-3t+5}{2t^2+3t}(1)$
\(\frac{2c^2-3cd+5d^2}{2c^2+3cd}=\frac{2(dt)^2-3.dt.d+5d^2}{2(dt)^2+3dt.d}=\frac{d^2(2t^2-3t+5)}{d^2(2t^2+3t)}=\frac{2t^2-3t+5}{2t^2+3t}(2)\)
Từ $(1);(2)$ suy ra đpcm.
Bài 2:
Từ $\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{b}\Rightarrow c^2=ab$. Khi đó:
$\frac{b^2-c^2}{a^2+c^2}=\frac{b^2-ab}{a^2+ab}=\frac{b(b-a)}{a(a+b)}$ (đpcm)
Bài 3:
Đặt $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt; c=dt$
Khi đó:
$\frac{3a^6+c^6}{3b^6+d^6}=\frac{3(bt)^6+(dt)^6}{3b^6+d^6}=\frac{t^6(3b^6+d^6)}{3b^6+d^6}=t^6(*)$
Và:
$\frac{(a+c)^6}{(b+d)^6}=(\frac{bt+dt}{b+d})^6=t^6(**)$
Từ $(*); (**)\Rightarrow $ đpcm.
Cho tỉ lệ thức \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) . Chứng minh :
a) \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{2a-7b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{2c-7d}\)
b) \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\)
Bài 1: a;b;c > 0
Chứng minh : \(\dfrac{a}{3a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{3b+a+c}+\dfrac{c}{3c+a+b}\le\dfrac{3}{5}\)
Bài 2: x;y;z \(\ne\) 1 và xyz = 1
Chứng minh : \(\dfrac{x^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{\left(y-1\right)^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{\left(z-1\right)^2}\ge1\)
1.
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\dfrac{a}{2a+a+b+c}=\dfrac{a}{25}.\dfrac{\left(2+3\right)^2}{2a+a+b+c}\le\dfrac{a}{25}\left(\dfrac{2^2}{2a}+\dfrac{3^2}{a+b+c}\right)=\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{b}{3b+a+c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{a+b+3c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{6}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
2.
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a;\dfrac{y}{y-1}=b;\dfrac{z}{z-1}=c\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a\Rightarrow x=ax-a\Rightarrow a=x\left(a-1\right)\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{a}{a-1}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(y=\dfrac{b}{b-1}\) ; \(z=\dfrac{c}{c-1}\)
Biến đổi giả thiết:
\(xyz=1\Rightarrow\dfrac{abc}{\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow abc=\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=a+b+c-1\)
BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(a+b+c-1\right)\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Bài 1:
a) Cho \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\). Chứng minh rằng: \(\dfrac{a^2+ac}{c^2-ac}=\dfrac{b^2+bd}{d^2-bd}\)
b) Cho a, b, c > 0 và dãy tỉ số:\(\dfrac{2b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{2c-b+a}{b}=\dfrac{2a+b-c}{c}\)
Tính: P=\(\dfrac{\left(3a-2b\right)\left(3b-2c\right)\left(3c-2a\right)}{\left(3a-c\right)\left(3b-a\right)\left(3c-b\right)}\)
c) Cho x,y,z,t \(\in\) N. CMR:
M= \(\dfrac{x}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+y+t}+\dfrac{z}{y+z+t}+\dfrac{t}{z+t+x}\) có giá trị không phải là số tự nhiên
b/
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{2b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{2c-b+a}{b}=\dfrac{2a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{2b+c-a+2c-b+a+2a+b-c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
* \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2b+c-a=2a\\2c-b+a=2b\\2a+b-c=2c\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2b+c=3a\\2c+a=3b\\2a+b=3c\end{matrix}\right.\)
+)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c=3a-2b\\a=3b-2c\\b=3c-2a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3a-2b\right)\left(3b-2c\right)\left(3c-2a\right)=abc\left(1\right)\)
+) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2b=3c-a\\2c=3b-a\\2a=3c-b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3a-c\right)\left(3b-a\right)\left(3c-b\right)=8abc\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{abc}{8abc}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
Cho tỉ lệ thức: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\left(a,b,c,d\ne0\right)\)
Chứng minh:
1) \(\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\)
2) \(\dfrac{5a+3b}{5a-3b}=\dfrac{5c+3d}{5c-3d}\)
a) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\left(a;b;c;d\ne0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
b) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5a}{5c}=\dfrac{3b}{3d}=\dfrac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}=\dfrac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5a+3b}{5a-3b}=\dfrac{5c+3d}{5c-3d}\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
Lời giải:
Đặt $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k$
$\Rightarrow a=bk; c=dk$. Khi đó:
1.
$\frac{a+b}{b}=\frac{bk+b}{b}=\frac{b(k+1)}{b}=k+1(1)$
$\frac{c+d}{d}=\frac{dk+d}{d}=\frac{d(k+1)}{d}=k+1(2)$
Từ $(1); (2)\Rightarrow \frac{a+b}{b}=\frac{c+d}{d}$
2.
$\frac{5a+3b}{5a-3b}=\frac{5bk+3b}{5bk-3b}=\frac{b(5k+3)}{b(5k-3)}=\frac{5k+3}{5k-3}(3)$
$\frac{5c+3d}{5c-3d}=\frac{5dk+3d}{5dk-3d}=\frac{d(5k+3)}{d(5k-3)}=\frac{5k+3}{5k-3}(4)$
Từ $(3); (4)\Rightarrow \frac{5a+3b}{5a-3b}=\frac{5c+3d}{5c-3d}$ (đpcm)