Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

=>\(a=bk;c=dk\)

1: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+3\cdot dk}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b+3d\right)}{2b+3d}=k\)

\(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b-3d\right)}{2b-3d}=k\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)

2: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4\cdot bk-3b}{4\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k-3\right)}{d\left(4k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

\(\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}=\dfrac{4bk+3b}{4dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k+3\right)}{d\left(4k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}\)

3: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)

\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)

4: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3bk-7b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k-7\right)}{b}=3k-7\)

\(\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}=\dfrac{3dk-7d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k-7\right)}{d}=3k-7\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}\)

a) Ta có:

\(\dfrac{a^2}{a-1}\) \(\geq\) 4(*)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) a² \(\geq\) 4.(a-1)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) a² \(\geq\) 4a-4

\(\Leftrightarrow\) a²-4a+4 \(\geq\) 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a-2)² \(\geq\) 0(**)

Ta có BĐT(**) luôn đúng nên suy ra BĐT(*) luôn đúng

Dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=2

B) Áp dụng câu a ta được:

\(\dfrac{4a^2}{a-1}=4.\dfrac{a^2}{a-1}\) \(\geq\) 4.4=16(1)

\(\dfrac{5b^2}{b-1}=5.\dfrac{b^2}{b-1}\) \(\geq\) 5.4=20(2)

\(\dfrac{3c^2}{c-1}=3.\dfrac{c^2}{c-1}\) \(\geq\) 3.4=12(3)

Cộng các BĐT(1),(2),(3) ta được

\(\dfrac{4a^2}{a-1}+\dfrac{5b^2}{b-1}+\dfrac{3c^2}{c-1}\) \(\geq\) 16+20+12=48

Dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c=2

Đặt A= \(\dfrac{4a^2}{a-1}+\dfrac{8b^2}{b-1}+\dfrac{12c^2}{c-1}\)

Áp dụng BĐT đã CM ta có:

A= \(\dfrac{4a^2}{a-1}+\dfrac{8b^2}{b-1}+\dfrac{12c^2}{c-1}\) \(\geq\) 4.4+8.4+12.4=16+32+48=96

\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{4a^2}{a-1}+\dfrac{8b^2}{b-1}+\dfrac{12c^2}{c-1}\) \(\geq\) 96

hay A \(\geq\) 96

Dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c=2

Vậy Min_A=96 khi và chỉ khi a=b=c=2

a)

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{a^2}{a-1}\ge4\) (1)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{a-1}\ge\dfrac{4a-4}{a-1}\left(\forall a-1\ne0\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\ge4a-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-4a+4\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng) (2)

BĐT (2) đúng suy ra BĐT (1) luôn đúng

Dấu bằng xảy ra chỉ khi và khi a = 2

Ta có : ( x - 2 )² \(\ge\)0 \(\Leftrightarrow\)x² - 4x + 4 \(\ge\)0

\(\Rightarrow\)  x² \(\ge\)4x - 4 \(\Rightarrow\)x² \(\ge\)4 . ( x - 1 ) \(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{x^2}{x-1}\)\(\ge\)4

\(\Rightarrow\frac{4a^2}{a-1}+\frac{5b^2}{b-1}+\frac{3c^2}{c-1}\ge4.4+5.4+3.4=48\)

\(\dfrac{4a^2}{a-1}=\dfrac{a\left(a^2-1\right)+4}{a-1}=4\left(a+1\right)+\dfrac{4}{a-1}+8\ge8+8=16\)

\(\dfrac{5b^2}{b-1}=5\left(b-1\right)+\dfrac{5}{b-1}+10\ge20\)

\(\dfrac{3c^2}{c-1}=3\left(c-1\right)+\dfrac{3}{c-1}+6=12\)

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

Bằng 12

1.

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(\dfrac{a}{2a+a+b+c}=\dfrac{a}{25}.\dfrac{\left(2+3\right)^2}{2a+a+b+c}\le\dfrac{a}{25}\left(\dfrac{2^2}{2a}+\dfrac{3^2}{a+b+c}\right)=\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}\)

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{b}{3b+a+c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}\)

\(\dfrac{c}{a+b+3c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}\)

Cộng vế:

\(VT\le\dfrac{6}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

2.

Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a;\dfrac{y}{y-1}=b;\dfrac{z}{z-1}=c\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a\Rightarrow x=ax-a\Rightarrow a=x\left(a-1\right)\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{a}{a-1}\)

Tương tự ta có: \(y=\dfrac{b}{b-1}\) ; \(z=\dfrac{c}{c-1}\)

Biến đổi giả thiết:

\(xyz=1\Rightarrow\dfrac{abc}{\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow abc=\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=a+b+c-1\)

BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành:

\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(a+b+c-1\right)\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

3.

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{4}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{2b}{6}=\dfrac{3c}{12}\) và \(a+2b-3c=-20\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{2b}{6}=\dfrac{3c}{12}=\dfrac{a+2b-3c}{2+6-12}=\dfrac{-20}{-4}=5\)

+) \(\dfrac{a}{2}=5\Rightarrow a=5.2=10\)

+) \(\dfrac{2b}{6}=5\Rightarrow2b=5.6=30\Rightarrow b=30:2=15\)

+) \(\dfrac{3c}{12}=5\Rightarrow3c=5.12=60\Rightarrow c=60:3=20\)

Vậy ...

3.

ta có:\(\dfrac{a}{2}\)=\(\dfrac{b}{3}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{4}\)=>\(\dfrac{a}{2}\)=\(\dfrac{2b}{6}\)=\(\dfrac{3c}{12}\) và a+2b-3c=-20

áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có

\(\dfrac{a}{2}\)=\(\dfrac{2b}{6}\)=\(\dfrac{3c}{12}\)=\(\dfrac{a+2b-3c}{2+6-12}\)\(\dfrac{-20}{-4}\)=5

vì\(\dfrac{a}{2}\)=5=>a=2.5=10

\(\dfrac{2b}{6}\)=5=>2b=5.6=30=>b=30:2=15

\(\dfrac{3c}{12}\)=5=>3c=5.12=60=>c=60:3=20

vậy a=10,b=15,c=20

chúc bạn hok tốt

cần 1 lời giải đáp cụ thể

trên face có đấy,lên đó mà tìm

Ta chứng minh bổ đề sau:

\(\dfrac{5b^3-a^3}{ab+3b^2}\le2b-a\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5b^3-a^3\le\left(2b-a\right)\left(ab+3b^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5b^3-a^3\le2ab^2+6b^3-a^2b-3b^2a\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3-a^2b-b^2a\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)-ab\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)

Bất đẳng thức cuối luôn đúng, vậy ta có

\(M\le2a-b+2b-c+2c-a=a+b+c\)Chứng minh hoàn tất. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Ta có:\(\dfrac{1}{1+ab}+\dfrac{1}{1+bc}+\dfrac{1}{1+ac}\ge\dfrac{9}{1+1+1+ab+bc+ca}\)(AM-GM)

Lại có:\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{9}{3+ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{9}{3+a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{9}{6}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)

Cháu làm cho bác câu 2 thôi,câu 3 THANGDZ làm rồi sợ mất bản quyền lắm:v

Lời giải:

Áp dụng liên tiếp bất đẳng thức AM-GM và Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{a+2b+3c}+\dfrac{b}{b+2c+3a}+\dfrac{c}{c+2a+3b}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2ab+3ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2bc+3ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ac+3bc}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+5ab+5bc+5ac}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)