\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2a-1}+\dfrac{1}{2b-1}+\dfrac{1}{2c-1}+3\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
Với a, b, c \(\ge\) 1
\(\dfrac{1}{2a-1}+\dfrac{1}{1}\ge\dfrac{4}{2a-1+1}=\dfrac{2}{a}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{2b-1}+1\ge\dfrac{2}{b}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{2c-1}+1\ge\dfrac{2}{c}\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}=\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
1. Cho a,b,c t/m: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\\b\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\\c\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) và \(a+b+c=6\)
\(CMR:\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{6}{5}\)
2. Cho x,y >0 t/m: \(2x+3y-13\ge0\)
Tìm min \(P=x^2+3x+\dfrac{4}{x}+y^2+\dfrac{9}{y}\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)}{25}-\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{3a-16}{25}=\dfrac{\left(3a-4\right)\left(a-2\right)^2}{25\left(a^2+1\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)}{25}\)
CMTT \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(b-2\right)}{25}\\\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(c-2\right)}{25}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)+3\left(b-2\right)+3\left(c-2\right)}{25}\ge\dfrac{6}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a+b+c-6\right)}{25}=\dfrac{6}{5}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cosi chứng minh
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) với a,b \(\ge\)0
\(\left(a+b\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge\) 4 với a,b > 0
\(\left(a+b+c\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\) 9 với a,b,c > 0
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
A)a2+2b2-ab+2a-4b+8 ≥ 0
b)(a+b)(\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\)) ≥4
c)(a+b+c)\(\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)≥9
b) \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)
= \(1+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+1\)
=\(2+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\)
áp dụng BĐT cô si cho 2 số ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}=2\)
=> \(2+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge4\)
<=> \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\ge4\)(đpcm)
Chứng minh các bất đẳng thức sau :
1. \(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{a}}\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\) ( với a,b>0 )
2. \(\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+a}}\ge\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{b}}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{d}}\) ( với a,b,c,d>0)
3. a3 + b3 \(\ge\) \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) ( với a+b\(\ge1\) )
1: \(\Leftrightarrow a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}>=\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\)
=>\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b-\sqrt{ab}\right)>=0\)
=>\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2>=0\)(luôn đúng)
Cho a,b,c > 0 . Cmr:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}+\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}\)
\(vì:a,b,c>0\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a};\dfrac{1}{b};\dfrac{1}{c}>0\)
\(Cosi:\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{2}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{a+c}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{8}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{4c}.tươngtự:\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{4b}+\dfrac{1}{2c};\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{2b}+\dfrac{1}{2c}.\text{cộng vế theo vế ta được:}\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{1}{x+y+z+t}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{t}\right)\) với các số dương
Ta có: \(\dfrac{4}{a+a+b+c}\le\dfrac{4}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
* Ta cm bđt : \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\forall ab\)
+ \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)
Vì bđt thức cuối luôn đúng mà các phép biến đổi trên là tương đương nên ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
+ Áp dụng bđt \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=y\) ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
\(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=c\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+c}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=c\)
Do đó : \(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge4\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge2\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
+ Áp dụng bđt trên một lần nữa ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=c\)
\(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\ge\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=c\)
Do đó : \(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}\)
\(+\dfrac{4}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}\)
=> đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
cho a,b là các số dương.Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
ta có \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}< =>\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge4\)
<=>\(1+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+1\ge4\)
Thật vậy:
áp dụng bdt Cô si
=>\(1+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+1=2+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}+2=4\)
vậy bất đăng thức xảy ra
dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a=b
cho 3 số a,b,c dương và a+b+c=1.CMR
\(\dfrac{ab}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{bc}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{ca}{c^2+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{15}{4}\)
Cho \(a;b;c\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\) thỏa mãn \(a+b+c=6\)
Tìm min: \(A=\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}\)
Lời giải:
Xét:
$\frac{a}{a^2+1}-\left(\frac{16}{25}-\frac{3}{25}a\right)=\frac{(a-2)^2(3a-4)}{25(a^2+1)}\geq 0$ với mọi $a\geq \frac{4}{3}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a}{a^2+1}\geq \frac{16}{25}-\frac{3}{25}a$
Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế, suy ra:
$A\geq \frac{48}{25}-\frac{3}{25}(a+b+c)=\frac{6}{5}$
Vậy $A_{\min}=\frac{6}{5}$.
Giá trị này đạt tại $a=b=c=2$