\(...\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+y+1}{6xy}=\dfrac{1}{6}\Leftrightarrow x+y+1=xy\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)=2\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3;y=2\\x=2;y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mình biến đổi nhầm. Nhưng theo hướng đó bạn có thể làm cách khác.

Quy đồng mẫu

X+Y=XY-1=a

X và Y và 2 nghiệm dương của pt

X²-ax+a+1

Để pt có nghiệm nguyên thì

Delta phải chính phương 

<=> a²-4a-4=K²<=> -8=(K-a+2).(k+a-2)

Tìm ước dể rồi nhé

\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)=>\(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

=>3(x+y)=xy

=>3x+3y=xy

=>3x=xy-3y

=>3x=y(x-3)

=>y=\(\dfrac{3x}{x-3}\)

* Vì y nguyên nên 3x ⋮ x-3 

=>3(x-3)+9 ⋮x-3

=>9 ⋮ x-3

=>x-3∈Ư(9)

=>x-3∈{1;-1;3;-3;9;-9}

=>x∈{4;2;6;0;12;-6} mà x nguyên dương và x khác 0 nên x∈{4;2;6;12}

=>y∈{12;-6;6;4} mà y nguyên dương nên y∈{12;6;4}

=>x∈{4;6;12}

- Vậy x=4 thì y=12 ; x=6 thì y=6 ; x=12 thì y=4.

\(\dfrac{x}{x^2+yz}+\dfrac{y}{y^2+zx}+\dfrac{z}{z^2+xy}\le\dfrac{x}{2\sqrt{x^2yz}}+\dfrac{y}{2\sqrt{y^2zx}}+\dfrac{z}{2\sqrt{z^2xy}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1.

\(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{5}{2y+1}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{5.2}{2y.2+1.2}=\dfrac{4}{6}\)(vì 2y + 1 là số lẻ)

\(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{10}{4y+2}=\dfrac{4}{6}\)

Để \(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{10}{4y+2}=\dfrac{4}{6}\)thì y = 1 để cùng mẫu số

Khi đó ta có\(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{10}{4y+2}=\dfrac{4}{6}\) = \(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{10}{4+2}=\dfrac{4}{6}\) = \(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{10}{6}=\dfrac{4}{6}\)

Vì 4+10 = 14 => x = 14

Vậy y = 1; x = 14

\(\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x-y}\left(ĐK:x>0;y>0\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y-x}{xy}=\dfrac{1}{x-y}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(y-x\right)\left(x-y\right)=xy\)

\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-y\right)^2=xy\) \(^{\left(1\right)}\)

Vì x, y nguyên dương khác nhau và khác 0 ⇒ \(xy>0 \) \(^{\left(2\right)}\)

Ta thấy: \(\left(x-y\right)^2>0\forall x;y\in Z;x\ne y\)

\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-y\right)^2< 0\forall x;y\in Z;x\ne y\)  \(^{\left(3\right)}\)

Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\) và \(\left(3\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\) Không tìm được hai số x, y nguyên dương khác nhau thoả mãn yêu cầu đề bài.

#\(Urushi\)

a, \(\dfrac{x}{2}=-\dfrac{5}{y}\Rightarrow xy=-10\Rightarrow x;y\inƯ\left(-10\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm5;\pm10\right\}\)

c, \(\dfrac{3}{x-1}=y+1\Rightarrow\left(y+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=3\Rightarrow x-1;y+1\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)

b: =>xy=12

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(12;1\right);\left(6;2\right);\left(4;3\right)\right\}\)

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(a\le b\le c\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{1}{c}\)

\(\Rightarrow2=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{3}{a}\)

\(\Rightarrow a\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Mà a là số nguyên dương

\(\Rightarrow a=1\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\le\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{2}{b}\)

\(\Rightarrow b\le2\)

\(\Rightarrow y\in\left\{1;2\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow z\in\left\{1;2\right\}\)

Vậy \(\left(x;y;z\right)\in\left\{\left(1;2;2\right),\left(2;2;1\right),\left(2;1;2\right),\left(2;2;1\right)\right\}\)

Giải:

a) \(\dfrac{-1}{5}\le\dfrac{x}{8}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{-8}{40}\le\dfrac{5x}{40}\le\dfrac{10}{40}\) 

\(\Rightarrow5x\in\left\{0;\pm5;10\right\}\) 

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;\pm1;2\right\}\) 

b) \(\dfrac{4}{x-6}=\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{x-6}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\) 

\(\Rightarrow-12.\left(x-6\right)=4.18\) 

\(\Rightarrow-12x+72=72\) 

\(\Rightarrow-12x=72-72\) 

\(\Rightarrow-12x=0\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=0:-12\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=0\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\) 

\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{-12.24}{18}=-16\) 

c) \(\dfrac{x+46}{20}=x.\dfrac{2}{5}\) 

\(\dfrac{x+46}{20}=\dfrac{2x}{5}\) 

\(\Rightarrow5.\left(x+46\right)=2x.20\) 

\(\Rightarrow5x+230=40x\) 

\(\Rightarrow5x-40x=-230\) 

\(\Rightarrow-35x=-230\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=-230:-35\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{46}{7}\) 

Chúc bạn học tốt!

Do \(1\le x\le2\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2\le3x\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự ta có \(y^2+2\le3y\)

Do đó: \(P\ge\dfrac{x+2y}{3x+3y+3}+\dfrac{2x+y}{3x+3y+3}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+y-1\right)}\)

\(P\ge\dfrac{x+y}{x+y+1}+\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+y-1\right)}\)

Đặt \(a=x+y-1\Rightarrow1\le a\le3\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge f\left(a\right)=\dfrac{a+1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{4a}\)

\(f'\left(a\right)=\dfrac{3a^2-4a-4}{4a^2\left(a+2\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(a-2\right)\left(3a+2\right)}{4a^2\left(a+2\right)^2}=0\Rightarrow a=2\)

\(f\left(1\right)=\dfrac{11}{12}\) ; \(f\left(2\right)=\dfrac{7}{8}\) ; \(f\left(3\right)=\dfrac{53}{60}\)

\(\Rightarrow f\left(a\right)\ge\dfrac{7}{8}\Rightarrow P_{min}=\dfrac{7}{8}\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right);\left(2;1\right)\)

Áp dụng BĐT BSC:

\(F=\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\)

\(\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{4}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}.4=1\)

\(maxF=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{3}{4}\)