\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc-c^2+c^2-2ac+a^2\\ =4a^2+4b^2+4c^2-4ab-4ac-4bc\\ \Leftrightarrow0=2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a-b=0\Leftrightarrow a=b\\\left(a-c\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a-c=0\Leftrightarrow a=c\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow b-c=0\Leftrightarrow b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy a=b=c

Lời giải:

Ba số thực $a,b,c$ cần có thêm điều kiện không âm mới đúng.

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:

$ab^3+bc^3+ca^3+2abc(a+b+c)\leq a^3b+b^3c+c^3a+ab^3+bc^3+ca^3+abc(a+b+c)$

$\Leftrightarrow abc(a+b+c)\leq a^3b+b^3c+c^3a(*)$

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:

$(a^3b+b^3c+c^3a)(abc^2+bca^2+cab^2)\geq (a^2bc+b^2ca+c^2ab)^2$

$\Rightarrow a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\geq abc(a+b+c)$

BĐT $(*)$ đúng nên ta có đpcm.

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$

SOS là ra, khá đơn giản. Ta có:

$$\text{VP}-\text{VT}=ab \left( -c+a \right) ^{2}+ca \left( b-c \right) ^{2}+cb \left( a-b
\right) ^{2}\geqq 0.$$

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi $a=b=c.$

a,b,c>0 

\(VP-VT=a^3b+b^3c+c^3a-abc\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\Sigma\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{a}\ge0\)

Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ac+a^2=4a^2+4b^2+4c^2-4ab-4bc-4ac\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=4a^2+4b^2+4c^2-4ab-4ac-4bc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac-4a^2-4b^2-4c^2+4ab+4bc+4ac=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2a^2-2b^2-2c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\a-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)(đpcm)

a. \(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2=a^2+b^2-2ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2=-2ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=0\Leftrightarrow a=-b\) (đpcm)

b. \(a^2+b^2+c^2+3=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3-2a-2b-2c=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)+\left(c^2-2c+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)

Vì \(\left(a-1\right)^2;\left(b-1\right)^2;\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2=\left(b-1\right)^2=\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a-1=b-1=c-1=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)

c. \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)

Tương tự câu b ta có a = b = c

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2-bc=x\\b^2-ca=y\\c^2-ab=z\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge0\)

\(\)Đẳng thức cần c/m trở thành: \(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge3xyz\left(1\right)\)

Áp dụng Bất đẳng thức AM-GM cho 3 số x,y,z, ta có:

\(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^3.y^3.z^3}=3xyz\)

=> Đẳng thức (1) luôn đúng với mọi x

Dấu = xảy ra khi: x=y=z hay \(a^2-bc=b^2-ca=c^2-ab\)

và \(a^2+b^2+c^2-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)