\(\dfrac{1}{\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}}\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(1+\sqrt{ab}\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1+ab}\)

Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(1+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(1+d\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{1+cd}\)

\(\Rightarrow B\ge\dfrac{1}{1+ab}+\dfrac{1}{1+cd}=\dfrac{1}{1+ab}+\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{1}{ab}}=\dfrac{1}{1+ab}+\dfrac{ab}{1+ab}=1\)

\(B_{min}=1\) khi \(a=b=c=d=1\)

Áp dụng BĐT phụ ta có:

\(B\ge\dfrac{1}{1+ab}+\dfrac{1}{1+cd}=\dfrac{ab+cd+2}{1+ab+cd+abcd}=1\)

Vậy GTNN của B bằng 1 <=> a=b=c=d=1

\(P=2+\dfrac{2}{b}+a+\dfrac{a}{b}+2+\dfrac{2}{a}+b+\dfrac{b}{a}=\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)+\left(a+\dfrac{1}{2a}\right)+\left(b+\dfrac{1}{2b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{2a}+\dfrac{3}{2b}\right)+4\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}+2\sqrt{a.\dfrac{1}{2a}}+2\sqrt{b.\dfrac{1}{2b}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2a}.\dfrac{3}{2b}}+4=6+2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{ab}}\)

Ta lại có: \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2.b^2}=2ab\left(BĐT.Cauchy\right)\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge4ab\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge6+2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge6+2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}=6+5\sqrt{2}\)

\(minP=6+5\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

\(A=ab+\dfrac{1}{ab}+2=ab+\dfrac{1}{16ab}+\dfrac{15}{16}ab+2\)

\(A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{16ab}}+\dfrac{15}{4\left(a+b\right)^2}+2=\dfrac{25}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

`A=(a+1/b)(b+1/a)`

`=ab+1+1+1/(ab)`

`=2+ab+1/(16ab)+15/(16ab)`

Áp dụng cosi

`=>ab+1/(16ab)>=1/2`

`ab<=(a+b)^2/4=1/4`

`=>16ab<=4`

`=>15/(16ab)>=15/4`

`=>A>=15/4+1/2+2=25/4`

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `a=b=1/2`

\(A=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c+a\right)\left(a+b+c+b\right)\left(a+b+c+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)

\(A\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}.2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}.2\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=8\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(Q=\sum\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)^2+bc}}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(b+c\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\sum\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{b+c}\)

\(Q\ge\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)^2}{a+b+b+c+c+a}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{4}{3}\)

ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{-1;-\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)

a) Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{2x}{x^3+x^2+x+1}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\right):\left(1+\dfrac{x}{x+1}\right)\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{2x}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}+\dfrac{x^2+1}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right):\left(\dfrac{x+1+x}{x+1}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{x^2+2x+1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}:\dfrac{2x+1}{x+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x+1}{2x+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^2+2x+1}{\left(2x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)

b) Vì \(x=\dfrac{1}{4}\) thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ

nên Thay \(x=\dfrac{1}{4}\) vào biểu thức \(P=\dfrac{x^2+2x+1}{\left(2x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\), ta được:

\(P=\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+2\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}+1\right]:\left[\left(2\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{16}+1\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right):\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{16}+1\right)\right]\)

\(=\dfrac{25}{16}:\dfrac{51}{32}=\dfrac{25}{16}\cdot\dfrac{32}{51}=\dfrac{50}{51}\)

Vậy: Khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{4}\) thì \(P=\dfrac{50}{51}\)

\(abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(3-2a\right)\left(3-2b\right)\left(3-2c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9abc\ge12\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-27\)

\(\Rightarrow abc\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3\)

\(P\ge\dfrac{9}{a\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)+b\left(c^2+ca+a^2\right)+c\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{9}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3}{ab+bc+ca}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{3+abc}{ab+bc+ca}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{abc\left(a^2+1\right)^2\left(b^2+1\right)^2\left(c^2+1\right)^2}{a^2b^2c^2\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{abc}}\)

\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^3}}=9\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}}\ge9\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}\)

Theo nguyên lý Dirichlet, trong 3 số \(a^2;b^2;c^2\) luôn có ít nhất 2 số cùng phía so với \(\dfrac{4}{9}\)

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử đó là \(a^2;b^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-\dfrac{4}{9}\right)\left(b^2-\dfrac{4}{9}\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+\dfrac{16}{81}\ge\dfrac{4}{9}a^2+\dfrac{4}{9}b^2\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+a^2+b^2+1\ge\dfrac{13}{9}a^2+\dfrac{13}{9}b^2+\dfrac{65}{81}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\ge\dfrac{13}{9}\left(a^2+b^2+\dfrac{5}{9}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\dfrac{13}{9}\left(a^2+b^2+\dfrac{5}{9}\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{13}{9}\left(a^2+b^2+\dfrac{4}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}\right)\left(\dfrac{4}{9}+\dfrac{4}{9}+c^2+\dfrac{1}{9}\right)\)

\(\ge\dfrac{13}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{3}a+\dfrac{2}{3}b+\dfrac{2}{3}c+\dfrac{1}{9}\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge9\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\dfrac{13}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{1}{9}\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}=9\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{13}{18}\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{9\left(a+b+c\right)}\right)^2}\)

\(P\ge9\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{13}{18}\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{9.2}\right)^2}=\dfrac{13}{2}\)

\(P_{min}=\dfrac{13}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

Từ giả thiết \(2\ge a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{abc}\le\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{abc}}\)

Đặt \(Q=\dfrac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{abc}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2+\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+1}{abc}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2+3\sqrt[3]{\left(a^2b^2c^2\right)^2}+3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}+1}{abc}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}+1\right)^3}{abc}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\right)^3=\left(\sqrt[3]{abc}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\right)^3\)

\(=\left(\sqrt[3]{abc}+\dfrac{4}{9\sqrt[3]{abc}}+\dfrac{5}{9\sqrt[3]{abc}}\right)^3\ge\left(2\sqrt[]{\dfrac{4\sqrt[3]{abc}}{9\sqrt[3]{abc}}}+\dfrac{5}{9.\dfrac{2}{3}}\right)^3=\dfrac{2197}{216}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{2197}{216}}=\dfrac{13}{2}\)

Ta có: \(2\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)=2b^2+2c^2+2bc\le2b^2+2c^2+b^2+c^2=3\left(b^2+c^2\right)\Rightarrow b^2+c^2\le3-a^2\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\le3\Rightarrow a+b+c\le\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=3\).

Áp dụng bđt Schwars ta có:

\(T\ge a+b+c+\dfrac{18}{a+b+c}=\left(a+b+c+\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\right)+\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\ge2\sqrt{9}+\dfrac{9}{3}=9\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1.