Chứng minh bằng phép biến đổi tương đương:

1.

\(\Leftrightarrow4+x+y\ge4\sqrt{x+y}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y-4\sqrt{x+y}+4\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+y}-2\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng

2.

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+z}{xyz}\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+yz}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+yz\right)\ge4xyz\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y+x^2z+y^2z+z^2y-4xyz\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(x^2+z^2-2xz\right)+z\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(x-z\right)^2+z\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2\ge3\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\right)=\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\dfrac{3}{xyz}\)

\(x+y+z=\dfrac{x+y+z}{3}+\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{3}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{xyz}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\right)+\dfrac{2}{xyz}=\dfrac{3}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{2}{xyz}\left(đpcm\right)\)

\(dấu"="xảy\) \(ra\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)

Lời giải:

Xét hiệu \((x+y)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)-4=\left(1+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+1\right)-4\)

\(=\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}-2=\frac{x^2+y^2}{xy}-2=\frac{x^2+y^2-2xy}{xy}=\frac{(x-y)^2}{xy}\geq 0, \forall x,y>0\)

Do đó \((x+y)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\geq 4\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \((x-y)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=y\)

\(VT=\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+2xy+3zx}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+2yz+3xy}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+2zx+3yz}\)

\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+5xy+5yz+5zx}=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

1.Ta có :\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=x^2-xy+y^2\) (do x+y=1)

\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x-y\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\)\(=\dfrac{1}{4}.1=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :\(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy \(x^3+y^3\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)

2.

a) Sửa đề: \(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3-a^2b\right)+\left(b^3-ab^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(a-b\right)+b^2\left(b-a\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng vì \(a,b\ge0\))

Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)

b) Lần trước mk giải rồi nhá

3.

a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel\(P=\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y+1}+\dfrac{1}{z+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)+3}=\dfrac{9}{3+3}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+1}=\dfrac{1}{y+1}=\dfrac{1}{z+1}\\x+y+z=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)

b) \(Q=\dfrac{x}{x^2+1}+\dfrac{y}{y^2+1}+\dfrac{z}{z^2+1}\le\dfrac{x}{2\sqrt{x^2.1}}+\dfrac{y}{2\sqrt{y^2.1}}+\dfrac{z}{2\sqrt{z^2.1}}\)

\(=\dfrac{x}{2x}+\dfrac{y}{2y}+\dfrac{z}{2z}=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x^2=y^2=z^2=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM:

\(\dfrac{x^3}{x^2+y^2}=\dfrac{x\left(x^2+y^2\right)-xy^2}{x^2+y^2}=x-\dfrac{xy^2}{x^2+y^2}\ge x-\dfrac{xy^2}{2xy}=x-\dfrac{y}{2}\)

áp dụng bđt dang Engel

P=1/[x(x+y) ]+1/[y(x+y) ]

=1/(x+y). (1/x+1/y)

=1/(x+y). [(x+y) /xy]=1/(xy)

x+y≤1,x, y>0=>x.y≤1/4

p≥1/(1/4)=4

đẳng thức khi x=y=1/2

\(VT=\dfrac{1}{x^2+xy}+\dfrac{1}{y^2+xy}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+2xy+y^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}>4\)

Cách khác.

Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{1}{x\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{1}{y\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x+y}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{x+y}.\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{1}{xy}\)

Áp dụng BĐT cho các số x,y >0 , ta có:

\(x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\ge xy\)

Và x+y \(\le\)1 \(\Rightarrow xy\le\dfrac{1}{4}\) \(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{4}}=4\)

Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = y =0,5