1.

\(\Leftrightarrow cos3x=-\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=40^0+k120^0\\x=-40^0+k120^0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\left\{40^0;160^0;80^0\right\}\)

2.

Bạn coi lại đề, số \(-\sqrt{3}\) bên vế trái ko hề hợp lý, toán cho cấp 1 như vầy còn được chứ cấp 3 chắc ko ai cho đề kiểu vậy đâu

3.

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}sin3x-cos3x=-sin5x-\sqrt{3}cos5x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin3x-\frac{1}{2}cos3x=-\left(\frac{1}{2}sin5x+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos5x\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(3x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=sin\left(-5x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-\frac{\pi}{6}=-5x-\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\3x-\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{4\pi}{3}+5x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{\pi}{48}+\frac{k\pi}{4}\\x=-\frac{7\pi}{12}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2cosx.cos2x-\left(cosx+sinx\right)-\sqrt{2}sin3x\left(cosx+sinx\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2cosx\left(cos^2x-sin^2x\right)-\left(cosx+sinx\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2}sin3x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cosx+sinx\right)\left(2cos^2x-2sinx.cosx\right)-\left(cosx+sinx\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2}sin3x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cosx+sinx\right)\left(2cos^2x-sin2x-1-\sqrt{2}sin3x\right)=0\)

Biến đổi ngoặc sau:

\(cos2x-sin2x=\sqrt{2}sin3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt{2}sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\sqrt{2}sin3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(\frac{\pi}{4}-2x\right)=sin3x\)

1.

\(\Leftrightarrow3sin^22x+1-sin^22x=3sin2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^22x-3sin2x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin2x=1\\sin2x=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\\2x=\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\2x=\frac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{12}+k\pi\\x=\frac{5\pi}{12}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

b/

\(\Leftrightarrow3cos^2x+4sin\left(2\pi-\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3cos^2x-4sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{2}\right)+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3cos^2x-4cosx+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=1\\cosx=\frac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k2\pi\\x=\pm arcos\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

c/

\(\Leftrightarrow1-sin^22x+\sqrt{3}sin2x+sin2x=1+\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-sin^22x+\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)sin2x-\sqrt{3}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin2x=1\\sin2x=\sqrt{3}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\)

d/

\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(1-2sin^2x\right)+5sinx=4\left(3sinx-4sin^3x\right)+5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16sin^3x-8sin^2x-7sinx-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx-1\right)\left(4sinx+1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=1\\sinx=-\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\\x=arcsin\left(-\frac{1}{4}\right)+k2\pi\\x=\pi-arcsin\left(-\frac{1}{4}\right)+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) cosx - √3sinx = √2 ⇔ cosx - tansinx = √2

⇔ coscosx - sinsinx = √2cos ⇔ cos(x + ) =

⇔

b) 3sin3x - 4cos3x = 5 ⇔ sin3x - cos3x = 1.

Đặt α = arccos thì phương trình trở thành

cosαsin3x - sinαcos3x = 1 ⇔ sin(3x - α) = 1 ⇔ 3x - α = + k2π

⇔ x = , k ∈ Z (trong đó α = arccos).

c) Ta có sinx + cosx = √2cos(x - ) nên phương trình tương đương với

2√2cos(x - ) - √2 = 0 ⇔ cos(x - ) =

⇔

d) 5cos2x + 12sin2x -13 = 0 ⇔

Đặt α = arccos thì phương trình trở thành

cosαcos2x + sinαsin2x = 1 ⇔ cos(2x - α) = 1

⇔ x = + kπ, k ∈ Z (trong đó α = arccos).

a)      

\(\begin{array}{l}\sin \left( {2x - \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) =  - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {2x - \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) = \sin \left( { - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x - \frac{\pi }{6} =  - \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\2x - \frac{\pi }{6} = \pi  + \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x =  - \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \\2x = \frac{{3\pi }}{2} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x =  - \frac{\pi }{{12}} + k\pi \\x = \frac{{3\pi }}{4} + k\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

b)     \(\begin{array}{l}\cos \left( {\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \frac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos \left( {\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \cos \frac{\pi }{3}\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4} = \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4} = \frac{{ - \pi }}{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{18}} + \frac{{k4\pi }}{3}\\x = \frac{{ - 7\pi }}{{18}} + \frac{{k4\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)

c)       

\(\begin{array}{l}\sin 3x - \cos 5x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin 3x = \cos 5x\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos 5x = \cos \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - 3x} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}5x = \frac{\pi }{2} - 3x + k2\pi \\5x =  - \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - 3x} \right) + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}8x = \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi \\2x =  - \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{16}} + \frac{{k\pi }}{4}\\x =  - \frac{\pi }{4} + k\pi \end{array} \right.\end{array}\)

d)      

\(\begin{array}{l}{\cos ^2}x = \frac{1}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\cos x = \frac{1}{2}\\\cos x =  - \frac{1}{2}\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\cos x = \cos \frac{\pi }{3}\\\cos x = \cos \frac{{2\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\x =  - \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\\left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{{2\pi }}{3} + k2\pi \\x =  - \frac{{2\pi }}{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\end{array} \right.\end{array}\)

e)      

\(\begin{array}{l}\sin x - \sqrt 3 \cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{2}\sin x - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos \frac{\pi }{3}.\sin x - \sin \frac{\pi }{3}.\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right) = \sin 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x - \frac{\pi }{3} = k\pi ;k \in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow x = \frac{\pi }{3} + k\pi ;k \in Z\end{array}\)

f)       

\(\begin{array}{l}\sin x + \cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\sin x + \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos \frac{\pi }{4}.\sin x + \sin \frac{\pi }{4}.\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \sin 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x + \frac{\pi }{4} = k\pi ;k \in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow x =  - \frac{\pi }{4} + k\pi ;k \in Z\end{array}\)