Unit 6 : The environment

1. the rising level of air pollution has caused concern among .environmental.. (environment)

2. many factories still allow .pollution.. ( pollute), such as toxic waste, to flow into our rivers.

3. make sure that the use of ..pesticide. ( pest) is not harmful to farmer's health.

The sea of ​​the phenomenon of lazy school is on the class did not pay attention to lecture, do not copy, the soul hanging upside-down tree. Individual lazy students are not aware of the importance of knowledge, just ignored, anxious racing to follow them that forget their own tasks.
Lazy students often carry books pretending to go to school but actually go out, not to school to learn. Some parents ask for money to lie is money to study, but it is actually money to play electronic.
The phenomenon of lazy school is due to a lot of reasons: lazy students themselves do not learn to open the knowledge. Some students are attracted by friends, do not define the next road that they came, no dream to strive. Part of the reason is also the family of parents are too pampered children, not have the necessary attention to the learning process of their children.
Some parents put too much pressure on their children's education without paying attention to the feelings and thoughts of their children.

Every day on radio, on TV, and in the newspapers, we hear, see, or read about many problems in the world, for example, pollution problems. Air pollution is the first kind. It mostly comes from fumes released from motorbikes, cars, airplanes, trains, and poisonous gases emitted from factories. Also, waste is dumped anywhere, even in the city where many people are living. The second pollution problem is sea pollution. Many people earn their living from fishing in the sea, and the fish they catch feed many people. But the sea has become so polluted from oil spills and factory wastes that the fish are dying. This pollution is not only killing the fish, but also affecting those people who eat fish. Seldom do you find a place nowadays that is not polluted. This problem is growing more difficult every day. We must find a good solution that makes the world a better place to live.

T or F

1. pollution is becoming a serious problem nowadays. T

2. vehicles and industries are among the causes of air pollution. T

3. sea pollution does not affect us at all. F

4. only major cities are affected by pollution F

1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F

Enviroment is the most important thing for our life. Enviroment is the air we breath, the water we drink and is everything we need for our life. But now that most important thing for our life is being polluted and by many different ways. This pollution affects the health of living things. Air is damaged by car and lorry fumes, and power stations create acid rain which destroys entire forests and lakes. When fossil fuels i.e. oil, gas and coal are burned to provide energy for lighting, cooking etc. they form polluting gases. Not only on land but also in the sea, oils spills pollute sea water and kill marine life; chemical waste from factories and sewage works, and artificial fertilisers from farmland, pollute river water, killing wildlife and spreading disease. Everything is being caused by human’s existence. Humans create such a lot of rubbish! Each household produces about 1 tonne of rubbish every year! Most of this is taken away by dustmen and buried in enormous landfill sites or burned in incinerators - both of these actions can be dangerous for the environment.

But only we can change it and solve it. Pollution can be prevented by thing we do everyday. First we can use recycled paper to help save trees. Second try to avoid buying plastic. It's hard to recycle. One way to cut down on plastic is to refuse to use carrier bags. If we can’t avoid buying plastic bags, we should use re-use plastic bags over and over again, until they wear out. Finally we should take your old clothes to charity shops, some are sold. To protect environment we also have to save energy. Use less energy by switching off lights when rooms are not in use, not wasting water; don’t forget to switch off all electric things when they are not in use, use a bicycle or walk instead of using a car for short trips we can save energy, keep clean atmosphere and keep healthy life. Lighting accounts for 10 percent to 15 percent of the electricity bill. However, this amount can be reduced by replacing an ordinary 100-watt light bulb with an energy-saving bulb and we still trying to invent the new thing to save money as well as conserve the Earth’s resources.

Keep clean environment isn’t only all ways are mentioned before but also to protect natural resources. That is the way to conserver wild life. First we need to conserve the old forest, rainforest, build more safari and national park, and plant more trees to make place to live for wild animals. Second we need to prohibit hunters who hunt animals too many out of the law allowance.

Finally, we now know that enviroment is the most important thing for life and we know how to protect and use it scientifically. Everyday we invent and find more and more way to protect enviroment. I hope that in the future the earth will be cleaner

1.I write /complain/dirt//smoke/come/your factory chimneys

=> I am writing to complain about the dirt and smoke which coming from your factory chimneys.

2.Two days ago/I decide/do/my washing

=> Two days ago, I decided to do my washing.

3.I wash/sheeps/put/out/dry/it/be/nice sunny day/there /be/breeze.

=> I washed my sheets and put them out because it was a nice sunny day and there was a breeze.

4.When I take washing in/I be /horrifted/discover/it/cover/dirty marks

=> When I took the washing in, I was horrified to discover that it was covered in dirt marks.

5.I/assume/breeze/I mention/carry/dirty/chimneys

=> I assume that the breeze I mentioned carried the dirt from your chimneys.

6.this be/ not only/because/sheets/but because/we/two small children /who be make/breathe/same air

=> This is not only because of the sheets but because we have two small children who are made to breathe in the same air.

7.until this incident/I think/chimneys/be safe/clean

=> Until this incident, I thought your chimneys were safe and clean.

8.I already /write/local Member of Parliament/this matter

=> I have already written to the local Member of Parliament about this matter.

9.furthermore/I must warn you/I write/local newspaper/tomorrow

=> Furthermore, I must warn you that I am going to write to the local newspaper tomorrow.

10.I /look forward/receive/reply

=> I am looking foward to receiving the reply.

1.I would suggest/that you/tell/works/clean up/ beaches.

=> I would suggest that you should tell works to clean up the beaches.

2. I/ write/ you /because/beaches/our city/tremely dirty.

=> I write to you because the beaches in our city are tremely dirty.

3. They /full/litter/waste/dog dung /when/I /go/there/last week.

=> They are full of litter , waste and dog dung when I go there last week

4. They /smell/unpleasant/that time/tourist/I/annoyed

=> They smell un pleasant, that time tourist and I are very annoyed

5.They /still/in a mess/this week.

=> They still in a mess this week

6.I look forward/receive/good response/you

=> I am looking foward to receiving a good response from you.

1.I would suggest/that you/tell/works/clean up/ beaches.

=>I would suggest that you must tell the workers to clean up the beaches.

2. I/ write/ you /because/beaches/our city/tremely dirty.

=>I write to you because the beaches of our city are extremely dirty

3. They /full/litter/waste/dog dung /when/I /go/there/last week.

=>They are full of litter, waste and dog dung when I go there last week.

4. They /smell/unpleasant/that time/tourist/I/annoyed

=>They smell un pleasant, that time tourist and I are very annoyed

5.They /still/in a mess/this week.

=>they still in mess this week either.

6.I look forward/receive/good response/you

=>I look foward to receive good reponse from you.

1.I would suggest/that you/tell/works/clean up/ beaches.

=> I would suggest that you must tell the workers to clean up the beaches.

2. I/ write/ you /because/beaches/our city/tremely dirty.

=> I am writing to you because the beaches in our city are extremely dirty.

3. They /full/litter/waste/dog dung /when/I /go/there/last week.

=> They were full of litter, waste and dog dung when I went there last week.

4. They /smell/unpleasant/that time/tourist/I/annoyed

=> They smelled unpleasant, at that time tourist an I were annoyed.

5.They /still/in a mess/this week.

=> They are still in a mess this week.

6.I look forward/receive/good response/you

=> I am looking forward to receiving a good response from you.

1. I /write/you/bad situation/affect/lake/school

=> I'm writing to you about bad situation, which is affecting the lake near my school.

2.As you know/lake/school/be/beautiful

=> As you know, the lake near my school is very beautiful.

3.However/it/become/polluted

=> However, it has become polluted.

4.People/electricity/fish

=> People have used electricity to catch fish.

5.A lot/fish/die/float/water surface

=> A lot of fish died and floated on the water surface.

6.people/throw/rubbish/waste into/lake

=> People have thrown rubbish and waste into the lake

7. now/bad smell/affect/school children's health.

=> Now, bad smell is affecting my school children's health.

8.What/you/think/polluted air?

=> What do you think about this polluted air?

9. look forward to/hear/you/see/protection/environment/local authority

=> I am looking forward to hearing from you and seeing the protection of the environment from the local authority.

10.sincere/long

=> Sincerely, Long.

1. I /write/you/bad situation/affect/lake/school

=> I'm writing to you about bad situation, which is affecting the lake near my school.

2.As you know/lake/school/be/beautiful

=> As you know, the lake near my school is very beautiful

3.However/it/become/polluted

=> However, it has become polluted

4.People/electricity/fish

=> people have used electricity to catch fish

5.A lot/fish/die/float/water surface

=> A lot of fish died and floated on the water surface

6.people/throw/rubbish/waste into/lake

=> People have thrown rubbish and waste into the lake

7. now/bad smell/affect/school children's health.

=> Now, bad smell is affecting my school children's health

8.What/you/think/polluted air?

=> What do you think about this polluted air?

9. look forward to/hear/you/see/protection/environment/local authority

=> I am looking forward to hearing from you and seeing the protection of the environment from the local authority

10.sincere/long

=> Sincerely, Long.

1.I/write/you bad situation/affect/lake/school.
\Rightarrow I'm writing to you about bad situation, which is affecting the lake near my school.

2.as you know/lake/school/ be beautiful.
\Rightarrow As you know, the lake near my school is very beautiful

3.however/it/become/polluted.
\Rightarrow However, it has become polluted

4.people/use/electricity/eatch fish
\Rightarrow people have used electricity to catch fish

5.a lot/fish/die/float/water surface.
\Rightarrow A lot of fish died and floated on the water surface

6.people/throw/rubbish/waste in to/lake
\Rightarrow People have thrown rubbish and waste into the lake

7.now/bad smell/affect/school children's health.
\RightarrowNow, bad smell is affecting my school children's health

8.what/you/think/polluted air?
\RightarrowWhat do you think about this polluted air?


9.I/look forward to/hear/you/see/protection/environment/local authority.
\RightarrowI am looking forward to hearing from you and seeing the protection of the environment from the local authority

10sincere,/long
\RightarrowSincerely, Long.
__________________

1 I /write/thí letter/complain/noise from Apartment 3C

=> I am writing this letter to complain about the noise from Apartment 3C.

2.I/move into/Apartment 2C/November 1st

=> I moved into apartment 2C on November 1^st.

3.Since I/move in,/my upstairs neighbors/play/stereo/loudly/night

=> Since I moved in there, my upstairs neighbors have played the stereo too loudly at night.

4.I /ask /them/turn it dowm/several times already

=> I have asked them to turn it down several times already.

5. however,they/not stop/the noise yet

=> However, they haven't stopped the noise yet.

6. I /be/a student/and/study/every night

=> I am a student and have to study every night.

7.I fail/final examination/next month/unless this noise/stop

=> I will fail the final exam next month unless this noise stops.

8.please talk/my neighbors/and ask/tủn down their stereo/9.00

=> Please talk to my neighbors and ask them to turn down their stereo at 9:00

9.I /look forward/hear/you/and/see/how you/solve/problem

=> I am looking foward to hearing from you and see how you will solve this problem.

10. sincere/Lan

=> Sincere, Lan.

1. I /write/the noise caused/Karaoke shop/near/house

=> I am writing to you about the noise caused by Karaoke shop near my house

2.They/play/music/loudly/so/I/not study/evening/sleep/night

=> They have played music very loudly , so I can study in the evening and sleep at night

3.They/should lower/volume/when/it/9pm

=> They should lower the volume when it is 9pm

4. I /look forward/hear/you/and see/how you/solve this problem

=> I am looking forward to hearing from you and seeing how you solve this problem

Today, the problem of environmental pollution has become more and more serious in Vietnam. On the mass media every day, we can easily see images, information about the environment is polluted. Despite the calls for environmental protection, pollution has become increasingly severe. This makes me think ...

{Expression}
The environment is calling for help!
From the beginning of the year, there have been many new statistics on the state of the environment in Vietnam. And sadly, these are disappointing numbers ...

{Common Number}
According to a global environmental review by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) Hanoi and HCMC. HCM is in the list of 6 most serious air pollution in the world. Concerning dust concentrations, the two largest cities in Vietnam are behind Beijing, Shanghai, New Delhi and Dhaka. This potential threat will undoubtedly hamper the further development of these cities. According to a study on stable environmental indicators conducted by Yale University, Vietnam ranks the lowest among eight Southeast Asian countries.

{-Water pollution}
The status of planning urban areas is not associated with the problem of waste treatment, so the environmental pollution in big cities, industrial parks, urban areas are at an alarming level. Of the total 183 industrial parks in the country, over 60% of industrial zones have no centralized waste water treatment system. In urban areas, only about 60% - 70% of solid wastes are collected, wastewater and wastewater treatment facilities and wastes so as not to meet the requirements of environmental protection. Unprocessed waste is discharged directly into rivers and lakes and it is forecasted that by 2010 it will be 510,000m3 / day. A sad example of the discharge of waste water, no one would know, is the case of the Thi Vai River being contaminated by the chemicals discharged from Vedan's sweet corn factory for 14 years. This causes the river to be severely polluted affecting the lives of many people around. Another example is the pollution of Hoan Kiem Lake, a symbol of national culture.

{Air pollution environment}
{Earth environment contaminated}
Not only the water environment but the air environment and soil environment is also seriously polluted. The air quality in most urban areas in Vietnam exceeds the permissible standard. In Ho Chi Minh City, measurements at six air monitoring stations show that 89% of air sampling fails. The high level of health hazards, in which the suspended dust is the leading pollutant in the area. In addition, the air pollution due to lead also increased rapidly, specifically the concentration of lead measured in early 2009 to now fluctuate at the threshold of 0.22 - 0.38g / m³, too standard allowed about 1.5 times. On the land environment, the results of several surveys show that heavy metal content in land near industrial parks has increased in recent years. As in the Phuoc Long industrial cluster (Binh Phuoc) Cr content is 15 times higher than standard, Cd is 1.5 to 5 times higher, As is 1.3 times higher than standard. (Cr, Cd, As: toxic chemicals) Pesticides also affect the soil. Although the volume of pesticides used in Vietnam is low, on average from 0.5 to 1.0 kg / ha / year, however, in many places have detected pesticide residues in the soil.

{Reason}
What is the cause of these events?

{Lack of awareness of people}
First of all, it is the lack of serious awareness among many people, especially young people. Many people think that what they do is too small, not enough to harm the environment. Others argue that environmental protection is the responsibility of the government, not of the government. Others think that environmental pollution has nothing to do with anything, and environmental pollution does not affect me much ... Seeing that but not so! Destruction of the environment of a person, although only a small impact, but the gathering of many people is great. The responsibility to protect the environment, though, is partly from the state, but most of it is from the people. And what we do for the environment, although we do not see it now, will in the long run affect us more or less.

{- Some for-profit businesses are defying the consequences}
{The management of the state is not tight}
Another cause of environmental pollution is the lack of responsibility of businesses. Due to the target of maximizing profits, many enterprises have violated mining procedures, contributing significantly to environmental pollution. In addition, the lack of strict control over the state's environmental protection has also helped to destroy the environment. Vietnam lacks strict environmental protection policies and regulations and is strongly attracting investment capital

Worldwide, soil pollution caused by the presence of xenobiotic chemicals (the human) or due to changes in the natural soil environment. It is characterized caused by industrial activities, agricultural chemicals, or due to improper waste disposal places. The common chemicals including oil hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons more rings (naphthalene and benzo as (a) pyrene), solvents, pesticides, lead, and other heavy metals. Pollution levels correlated with the degree of intensity of industrialization and the use of chemicals.

The concern over soil contamination stems primarily from health risks, the direct contact with contaminated soil, vapor from the pollutants, secondary pollutants from ground water supplies .[first] Mapping and cleaning up contaminated lands are often time consuming and expensive, requiring extensive knowledge of geology, hydrology, chemistry, computer modeling skills, and GIS in environmental pollution as well as the appreciation of the history of the chemical industry.

In North America and Western Europe with soil pollution levels are known to most, many countries in this region have a legal framework for identifying and solving environmental problems. The developing countries have less stringent regulations, although some countries have gone through industrialization.

Next to air and water, land is one of the most important elements for the existence of humans and other living things. The contamination of land with different kinds of wastes is called land pollution.

The major causes of land pollution are construction, domestic waste , industrial waste and agriculture.The rising construction of building takes away the trees that takes away the homes of the animals living there. As there are more and more people inhabiting on our planet, the demand for food increases and the forests are cut down to make farm lands. In addition, Herbicides, pesticides, artificial fertilizers and animal manure are washed into the soil and pollute it. Tons of domestic waste is dumped everyday from homes offices etc. Plastic factories, oil refineries, nuclear waste disposals, and large animal farms, all lead to land pollution.

Land pollution can have dramatic effects. First, it can effect on human health Toxic chemicals and pesticides lead to potentially fatal illnesses like skin cancer and human respiratory system. These chemicals reach us through foods and vegetables grown in polluted soil. With the loss of habitat and natural environments, many animals have to move further away and adapt to new regions or die. Trees and plants help balance the atmosphere, if they are sabotaged, we will subject to various concerns like global warming, the greenhouse effect, irregular rainfall and flash floods, among other imbalances.