Today, the problem of environmental pollution has become more and more serious in Vietnam. On the mass media every day, we can easily see images, information about the environment is polluted. Despite the calls for environmental protection, pollution has become increasingly severe. This makes me think ...
{Expression}
The environment is calling for help!
From the beginning of the year, there have been many new statistics on the state of the environment in Vietnam. And sadly, these are disappointing numbers ...
{Common Number}
According to a global environmental review by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) Hanoi and HCMC. HCM is in the list of 6 most serious air pollution in the world. Concerning dust concentrations, the two largest cities in Vietnam are behind Beijing, Shanghai, New Delhi and Dhaka. This potential threat will undoubtedly hamper the further development of these cities. According to a study on stable environmental indicators conducted by Yale University, Vietnam ranks the lowest among eight Southeast Asian countries.
{-Water pollution}
The status of planning urban areas is not associated with the problem of waste treatment, so the environmental pollution in big cities, industrial parks, urban areas are at an alarming level. Of the total 183 industrial parks in the country, over 60% of industrial zones have no centralized waste water treatment system. In urban areas, only about 60% - 70% of solid wastes are collected, wastewater and wastewater treatment facilities and wastes so as not to meet the requirements of environmental protection. Unprocessed waste is discharged directly into rivers and lakes and it is forecasted that by 2010 it will be 510,000m3 / day. A sad example of the discharge of waste water, no one would know, is the case of the Thi Vai River being contaminated by the chemicals discharged from Vedan's sweet corn factory for 14 years. This causes the river to be severely polluted affecting the lives of many people around. Another example is the pollution of Hoan Kiem Lake, a symbol of national culture.
{Air pollution environment}
{Earth environment contaminated}
Not only the water environment but the air environment and soil environment is also seriously polluted. The air quality in most urban areas in Vietnam exceeds the permissible standard. In Ho Chi Minh City, measurements at six air monitoring stations show that 89% of air sampling fails. The high level of health hazards, in which the suspended dust is the leading pollutant in the area. In addition, the air pollution due to lead also increased rapidly, specifically the concentration of lead measured in early 2009 to now fluctuate at the threshold of 0.22 - 0.38g / m³, too standard allowed about 1.5 times. On the land environment, the results of several surveys show that heavy metal content in land near industrial parks has increased in recent years. As in the Phuoc Long industrial cluster (Binh Phuoc) Cr content is 15 times higher than standard, Cd is 1.5 to 5 times higher, As is 1.3 times higher than standard. (Cr, Cd, As: toxic chemicals) Pesticides also affect the soil. Although the volume of pesticides used in Vietnam is low, on average from 0.5 to 1.0 kg / ha / year, however, in many places have detected pesticide residues in the soil.
{Reason}
What is the cause of these events?
{Lack of awareness of people}
First of all, it is the lack of serious awareness among many people, especially young people. Many people think that what they do is too small, not enough to harm the environment. Others argue that environmental protection is the responsibility of the government, not of the government. Others think that environmental pollution has nothing to do with anything, and environmental pollution does not affect me much ... Seeing that but not so! Destruction of the environment of a person, although only a small impact, but the gathering of many people is great. The responsibility to protect the environment, though, is partly from the state, but most of it is from the people. And what we do for the environment, although we do not see it now, will in the long run affect us more or less.
{- Some for-profit businesses are defying the consequences}
{The management of the state is not tight}
Another cause of environmental pollution is the lack of responsibility of businesses. Due to the target of maximizing profits, many enterprises have violated mining procedures, contributing significantly to environmental pollution. In addition, the lack of strict control over the state's environmental protection has also helped to destroy the environment. Vietnam lacks strict environmental protection policies and regulations and is strongly attracting investment capital
Worldwide, soil pollution caused by the presence of xenobiotic chemicals (the human) or due to changes in the natural soil environment. It is characterized caused by industrial activities, agricultural chemicals, or due to improper waste disposal places. The common chemicals including oil hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons more rings (naphthalene and benzo as (a) pyrene), solvents, pesticides, lead, and other heavy metals. Pollution levels correlated with the degree of intensity of industrialization and the use of chemicals.
The concern over soil contamination stems primarily from health risks, the direct contact with contaminated soil, vapor from the pollutants, secondary pollutants from ground water supplies .[first] Mapping and cleaning up contaminated lands are often time consuming and expensive, requiring extensive knowledge of geology, hydrology, chemistry, computer modeling skills, and GIS in environmental pollution as well as the appreciation of the history of the chemical industry.
In North America and Western Europe with soil pollution levels are known to most, many countries in this region have a legal framework for identifying and solving environmental problems. The developing countries have less stringent regulations, although some countries have gone through industrialization.
Next to air and water, land is one of the most important elements for the existence of humans and other living things. The contamination of land with different kinds of wastes is called land pollution.
The major causes of land pollution are construction, domestic waste , industrial waste and agriculture.The rising construction of building takes away the trees that takes away the homes of the animals living there. As there are more and more people inhabiting on our planet, the demand for food increases and the forests are cut down to make farm lands. In addition, Herbicides, pesticides, artificial fertilizers and animal manure are washed into the soil and pollute it. Tons of domestic waste is dumped everyday from homes offices etc. Plastic factories, oil refineries, nuclear waste disposals, and large animal farms, all lead to land pollution.
Land pollution can have dramatic effects. First, it can effect on human health Toxic chemicals and pesticides lead to potentially fatal illnesses like skin cancer and human respiratory system. These chemicals reach us through foods and vegetables grown in polluted soil. With the loss of habitat and natural environments, many animals have to move further away and adapt to new regions or die. Trees and plants help balance the atmosphere, if they are sabotaged, we will subject to various concerns like global warming, the greenhouse effect, irregular rainfall and flash floods, among other imbalances.
