Đặt :
nFe(pư) = x mol
Fe + CuSO4 --> FeSO4 + Cu
x_____x________x______x
Khối lượng Fe tăng : 2.58 - 2.5 = 0.08 g
<=> 64x - 56x = 0.08
=> x = 0.01 mol
mddCuSO4 = 250*1.12=280 g
mCuSO4 = 42 g
nCuSO4 = 0.2625 mol
mdd sau phản ứng = 2.5+ 280 - 2.58 =279.92 g
mCuSO4 (dư ) = ( 0.2625 - 0.01 )*160 = 40.4 g
mFeSO4 = 0.01*152=1.52 g
C%FeSO4 = 1.52/279.92*100% = 0.54%
C%CuSO4 dư = 40.4/279.92*100% = 14.43%
Số mol Fe: \(n_{Fe}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{2,5}{56}=\frac{5}{112}\left(mol\right)\)
Khối lượng dd CuSO4: \(m_{ddCuSO_4}=D.V=250.1,12=280\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{CuSO_4}=\frac{280.15\%}{100\%}=42\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{42}{160}=0,2625\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:CuSO_4+Fe\rightarrow Cu+FeSO_4\)
(mol) 1 1 1 1
Tỉ lệ: \(\frac{0,2625}{1}>\frac{\frac{5}{112}}{1}\rightarrow\) Tính theo \(n_{Fe}\)
Theo pt ta có: \(n_{CuSO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=n_{Cu}=\frac{5}{112}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4.dư}=0,2625-\frac{5}{112}=\frac{61}{280}\left(mol\right)\rightarrow m_{CuSO_4dư}=\frac{61}{280}.160=\frac{244}{7}\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=\frac{5}{112}.152=\frac{95}{14}\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd}=2,5+280-2,58=279,92\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{CuSO_4dư}=\frac{\frac{244}{7}}{279,92}.100\%=12,5\left(\%\right)\)
\(C\%_{FeSO_4}=\frac{\frac{95}{14}}{279,92}.100\%=2,42\left(\%\right)\)