\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,9\cdot10^{23}}{6\cdot10^{23}}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : 4Al + 3O2 ----> 2Al2O3
ta có tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{n_{Al}}{n_{O_2}}=\dfrac{4}{3}< \dfrac{0,3}{0,15}\)=> Al dư , O2 hết
Rắn A gồm : Al(dư) , Al2O3
=> mAl phản ứng=\(0,15\cdot\dfrac{4}{3}\cdot27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
=> mAl dư = 8,1 - 5,4 = 2,7(g)
=> \(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,15\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot102=10,2\left(g\right)\)
b)
\(\%m_{Al\left(A\right)}=\dfrac{2,7}{2,7+10,2}\cdot100\%=20,93\%\)
\(\%m_{Al_2O_3}=100\%-20,93\%=79,07\%\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,9.10^{23}}{6.10^{23}}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
- PTHH: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Theo PT và đề bài ta có tỉ lệ:
\(\dfrac{0,3}{4}=0,075>\dfrac{0,15}{3}=0,05\)
\(\Rightarrow Al_{dư}\). \(O_2\) hết nên ta tính theo \(n_{O_2}\)
a. Chất rắn A gồm Al(dư) và \(Al_2O_3\)
Theo PT ta có: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,15=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT ta có: \(n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{4}{3}.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{3}.0,15=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
b. \(m_A=m_{Al\left(dư\right)}+m_{Al_2O_3}=2,7+10,2=12,9\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%Al=\dfrac{2,7}{12,9}.100\%=20,93\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%Al_2O_3=100\%-20,93\%=79,07\%\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,9\times10^{23}}{6\times10^{23}}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) 2Al2O3
Ban đầu: 0,3.........0,15....................(mol)
Phản ứng: 0,2...........0,15...................(mol)
Sau phản ứng: 0,1............0.....→....0,1.....(mol)
a) Chất rắn A gồm: Al dư và Al2O3
\(m_{Al}dư=0,1\times27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\times102=10,2\left(g\right)\)
b) \(m_A=2,7+10,2=12,9\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Al}dư=\dfrac{2,7}{12,9}\times100\%=20,93\%\)
\(\%m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{12,9}\times100\%=79,07\%\)