Cho hai vectơ \(\overrightarrow a = ({a_1};{a_2}),\overrightarrow b = ({b_1};{b_2})\) và hai điểm \(A\left( {{x_A};{y_A}} \right),B\left( {{x_B};{y_B}} \right)\). Hoàn thành các phép biến đổi sau:
a) \(\overrightarrow a \bot \overrightarrow b \Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow b = \overrightarrow 0 \Leftrightarrow {a_1}{b_1} + {a_2}{b_2} = ...?\)
b) \(\overrightarrow a \) và \(\overrightarrow b \) cùng phương \( \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}{a_1} = t{b_1}\\{a_2} = t{b_2}\end{array} \right.\) hay \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}{b_1} = k{a_1}\\{b_2} = k{a_2}\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow {a_1}{b_2} - {a_2}{b_1} = ...?\)
c) \(\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right| = \sqrt {{{\left( {\overrightarrow a } \right)}^2}} = \sqrt {.?.} \)
d) \(\overrightarrow {AB} = ({x_B} - {x_A};{y_B} - {y_A}) \Rightarrow AB = \sqrt {{{\left( {\overrightarrow {AB} } \right)}^2}} = \sqrt {.?.} \)
e) \(\cos (\overrightarrow a ,\overrightarrow b ) = \frac{{\overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow b }}{{\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right|.\left| {\overrightarrow b } \right|}} = \frac{{.?.}}{{\sqrt {{a_1}^2 + {a_2}^2} .\sqrt {{b_1}^2 + {b_2}^2} }}\) (\(\overrightarrow a ,\overrightarrow b \) khác \(\overrightarrow 0 \))
a) \(\overrightarrow a \bot \overrightarrow b \Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow b = \overrightarrow 0 \Leftrightarrow {a_1}{b_1} + {a_2}{b_2} = 0\)
b) \(\overrightarrow a \) và \(\overrightarrow b \) cùng phương \( \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}{a_1} = t{b_1}\\{a_2} = t{b_2}\end{array} \right.\) hay \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}{b_1} = k{a_1}\\{b_2} = k{a_2}\end{array} \right.\)
\( \Leftrightarrow {a_1}{b_2} - {a_2}{b_1} = {a_1}.k{a_2} - {a_2}.k{a_1} = 0\)
c) \(\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right| = \sqrt {{{\left( {\overrightarrow a } \right)}^2}} = \sqrt {{a_1}^2 + {a_2}^2} \)
d) \(\overrightarrow {AB} = ({x_B} - {x_A};{y_B} - {y_A}) \Rightarrow AB = \sqrt {{{\left( {\overrightarrow {AB} } \right)}^2}} \)
\( = \sqrt {{{\left( {{x_B} - {x_A}} \right)}^2} + {{\left( {{y_B} - {y_A}} \right)}^2}} \)
e) \(\cos (\overrightarrow a ,\overrightarrow b ) = \frac{{\overrightarrow a .\overrightarrow b }}{{\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right|.\left| {\overrightarrow b } \right|}} = \frac{{{a_1}{b_1} + {a_2}{b_2}}}{{\sqrt {{a_1}^2 + {a_2}^2} .\sqrt {{b_1}^2 + {b_2}^2} }}\)
