• Read the following passage and mark the letter (A, B, C, or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

                                                                                        SMARTPHONES - A NECCESITY

Smartphones have spread beyond the boardroom and keeping a close eye on what's new is Mike Lazaridis, chief executive of RIM, the company that makes the BlackBerry smartphone. His device may no longer be quite as trendy as it once was but it is still (21) .................. − particularly for Argentinian milk farmers. Mr. Lazaridis says: "I like the way it's being used by the farmers so they are always up to date. Milk is a (22) .................. item, so delivery and production standards are incredibly important." He is reminded of the company's early days: "This is where we started in 1987, with a wireless vertical data business for the Swedish lumber (23) .................., and then on to fire brigades, ambulances, and garbage trucks."

    While the BlackBerry was quick to (24) .................. itself as the accessory of choice for business professionals such as Wall Street traders, the cheaper price (25) .................. and new, more colorful handsets now (26) .................. offer have opened it up to a much wider market. Mr. Lazaridis says: "It was obvious that business people and self-employed professionals would buy the BlackBerry, but we were not expecting the (27) .................. we had from ordinary consumers."

    The greatest challenge for RIM, however, could lie in an economic (28) ..................., when individuals and companies alike may see devices like the BlackBerry as luxuries they can (29) .................. without. The company has to make its product indispensable to the lifestyles of consumers or prove that they bring a real (30) .................. on investment for business users.

_{+ ANSWER:}

21, A. constructive     B. functional     C. active     D. operative

22, A. perishable     B. short-lived     C. decaying     D. destructible

23, A. manufacturers     B. enterprise     C. commerce     D. industry

24, A. install     B. establish     C. create     D. demonstrate

25, A. designs     B. programmes     C. plans     D. systems

26, A. at            B. on             C. for            D. under

27, A. return     B. retort     C. reply     D. response

28, A. downturn     B. tall     C. decrease     D. drop

29, A. make      B. carry      C. do      D. stay

30, A. return      B. gain      C. interest      D. profit

I, Rewrite each of the following sentences as directed: 

49. Researchers have been studying the psychological phenomenon known as false memory since the mid-1970s. (PASSIVE)

=> ________________________________________________________________________________

50. I've got no plans to keep my ideas to myself during this meeting. (SHALL)

=> During this meeting, I ____________________________________________ to myself.

51. It’s pretty certain that we’ll win a gold medal this year in the 100 meters. (FOREGONE)

=> It’s ______________________________________ is ours for the taking in the 100 meters this year.

52. If he'd taken bribes, he would not have given a speech on corruption today. (UNLESS)

=> ________________________________________________________________________________

53. Charles Lindbergh became famous after his nonstop solo flight from New York to Paris in 1927. He had previously worked as an airmail pilot. (RELATIVE CLAUSE)

=> Charles Lindbergh, _______________________________________________________________________________________

• Read the passage below. Are the following statements TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN? Before you answer the questions:

    Would you prefer to be ‘popular’ or ‘well-liked? A new study from The Australian National University (ANU) has shown that for Canberra’s young people, being well-liked is much more desirable than being popular, and being popular does not always mean you’re well-liked. The study by Stephanie Hawke, a Ph.D. candidate in clinical psychology at ANU, looked at nearly 200 Year 9 and Year 11 students from across Canberra. It found that adolescents saw being popular and being well-liked as two very different things and that young people may not see popularity as a desirable trait. 

    The research has been released as part of National Psychology Week. It is the first Australian study to address the issue of popularity and what it means to young people. ‘Both boys and girls agreed that many popular teenagers are disliked by the year group as a whole,’ said Ms. Hawke. ‘This can be for several reasons such as bullying, having an attitude of superiority, and disrupting the classroom. Those students who are described as being both popular and well-liked manage to balance their high social status with positive qualities such as being kind and friendly.’ 

    The study also found that there was a complicated relationship between both individual and group popularity, and how these were perceived by students. ‘One interesting finding is that popular students are likely to belong to popular groups. This was contrasted with well-liked students, who were much less likely to belong to groups of well-liked peers,’ said Ms. Hawke. ‘It seems that being popular is about the group that you fit into, whereas being well-liked is about the individual person’s inherent characteristics. Almost all of the students interviewed said that they would prefer to be known as well-liked, as opposed to popular because this is a reflection of who they are as a person.’ She added that the results indicate that ‘popular’ students are not idealized in the way that popular culture sometimes portrays and that once other students are aware that many ‘popular’ students are not liked by others in the year group, they may lose the power they are perceived to have.

ANSWER:

1, The ANU study found that young people in Canberra confuse being well-liked with being popular. ___________

2, The ANU study showed that most young people in Canberra wish they were popular. ___________

3, According to Ms. Hawke, popular students may look down on other students. ___________

4, According to Ms. Hawke, popular students can prevent others from learning. ___________

5, According to Ms. Hawke, students who are well-liked tend to mix with others who are well-liked. ___________

6, Being well-liked tells us more about someone’s true character than being popular. ___________

7, There is often one popular student in a year group who is thought to have more power than the others. ___________

• For questions 9 – 16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).

                                                                                                 A HISTORY OF SURFING

The history of surfing undoubtedly goes (0) BACK a long way. It seems to (9) .......... formed a central part of the culture of the Polynesian people, who were inhabitants of islands in the Pacific Ocean (10) .......... as Samoa, Tonga, and Hawaii. These people did not regard surfing (11) .......... a mere recreational activity. For them, it was much (12) .......... of an art. Although surfing disappeared from many parts of Polynesia in (13) .......... early twentieth century, a small number of people in Hawaii kept the tradition alive. In 1912, it spread to the east coast of the United States, and in particular to Virginia Beach, (14) .......... became an important surfing center. Surfing developed quite rapidly from then on, and the design of surfboards became more sophisticated. However, (15) .......... was not until the 1960s that surfing came to be a truly global phenomenon, boosted not only by the success of surfing films (16) .......... also by pop songs about surfing culture.

                                                                                                THE SECOND TEST 2

I, Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

1.     A. itinerary            B. journey                     C. extension                   D. accompaniment

2.     A. marketing          B. disappointed              C. arrangement              D. dialogue

II, Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

3.     A. comparison        B. appurtenant               C. appertaining              D. appropriate

4.     A. pertinent            B. consistent                  C. eurhythmics                D. harmonious

III, Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined phrase in the following question.

5. Another difference is that students were subject to tougher disciplinary action, which often involved corporal punishment.

        A. tameless            B. punitive                     C. restorative                 D. back-breaking

IV, Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

6. My mother would like to consider herself _______________ but I think even she would be shocked if we took her to see that film!

A. broad-minded                   B. independent            C. stubborn                 D. well-behaved

7. Standardized shopping malls have become the new Main Streets of the USA according to one _______________ on the subject.

 A. scholar                       B. master             C. body         D. authority

8. I'm sorry ____________ you all this time. It wasn't my intention.           

A. to be ignored           B. to have been ignored          C. to have been ignoring         D. to ignore

9. I have been back to the doctor three times and he still hasn't ____________ the reason for all the pain I have been suffering from recently.

A. indicated                   B. highlighted                C. pinpointed                 D. looked up

10. Despite its prevalence and serious effects, diabetes research has historically been underfunded ______________ other diseases.

A. for research compared to                                        B. comparing the research of

C. compared to research for                                        D. in comparison with researching

11. The magazine's issues have been placed in an electronic archive, so you'll have decades of material ______________ your fingertips.

A. at                    B. under                                     C. within                       D. round

12. The accidental ____________ of four listed buildings near the city center caused a huge outcry and the manager of the building company was jailed for three months.

A. disruption                 B. demolition                 C. injuring                     D. squashing

13. I'm not surprised that your brother is angry; you spent half an hour ______________ him up about an issue he cares about deeply.

A. spinning                    B. turning                      C. winding                     D. twirling   

14. _______________, the same students who participate in the program in winter should continue to work on the project in spring, to ensure continuity.

A. Ideally              B. Promptly                    C. Afterwards                          D. Beforehand

V, Rewrite the following sentences using the passive. 

15. There are a few village life truths that everyone forgets to mention.

=> ________________________________________________________________________

16. There’s no money to help impoverished communities build basic facilities like schools and medical centers.

=> ________________________________________________________________________

17. They believed that the meat was procured from government whaling research and was destined for sale in Japanese restaurants.

=> ________________________________________________________________________

VI, Fill each blank with Who, Which or That:

18. One explanation was that the gum had stuck to the TV screen. Then everyone wondered about the people ______________ have lived there. 

19. One of the most pressing problems facing society today is the increasing lack of bonds ______________ men and women have with outsiders. 

20. My headache has worsened to the point ______________ it could only keep my eyes open in daylight and the pain in my joints was contiguous on spectacular. 

• You are going to read a short text. Six sentences have been removed from the text. Choose from line sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (1 - 3).

                                                                              Volunteer tourism

It is hard to argue that the actual contribution to development amounts to a great deal directly. (1) __________, they have usually paid a significant fee for the opportunity to be involved in this work: money that, if donated to a local community directly, could potentially pay for a greater amount of labor than the individual volunteer could ever hope to provide. (2) __________. Hence, it is unsurprising that many academic studies allude to the moral issue of whether gap year volunteering is principally motivated by altruism – a desire to benefit the society visited – or whether young people aim to generate ‘cultural capital’ which benefits them in their careers. (3) __________.

SENTENCES:

A. Whilst volunteer tourists can get involved in building homes or schools

B. At its worst, international volunteering can be imperialist

C. Yet it also bypasses the democratic imperative of representative government and reduces development to individual acts of charity

D. However, if volunteering is largely limited to individuals of means from wealthier areas of the world

E. This is especially so in the case of gap years, in which the level of technical skill or professional experience required of volunteers is negligible

F. However, where volunteer tourism is talked up as sustainable development and the marketing of the gap-year companies merges into development thinking

G. However, the projects may play a role in developing people who will, in the course of their careers and lives, act ethically in favor of those less well-off