Chứng tỏ rằng: Giá trị của biểu thức A = 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + . . . + 5 8 là bội của 30

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Advertising helps people recognize a particular brand, persuades them tro try it, and tries to keep them loyal to it. Brand loyalty is perhaps the most important goal of consumer advertising. Whether they produce cars, canned foods or cosmetics, manufacturers want their customers to make repeated purchases. The quality of the product will encourage this, of course, but so, too, will affect advertising.

Advertising relies on the techniques of market research to identify potential users of a product. Are they homemakers or professional people? Are they young or old? Are they city dwellers or country dwellers? Such questions have a bearing on where and when ads should be played. By studying readership breakdowns for newspapers and magazines as well as television ratings and other statistics, an advertising agency can decide on the best way of reaching potential buyers. Detailed research and marketing expertise are essential today when advertising budgets can run into thousands of millions of dollars.

Advertising is a fast-paced, high-pressure industry. There is a constant need for creative ideas that will establish a personality for a product in the public’s mind. Current developments in advertising increase the need for talented workers.

In the past, the majority of advertising was aimed at the traditional white family – breadwinner father, non- working mother, and two children. Research now reveals that only about 6 percent of American households fit this stereotype. Instead, society is fragmented into many groups, with working mothers, single people and older people on the rise. To be most successful, advertising must identify a particular segment and aim its message toward that group.

Advertising is also making use of new technologies. Computer graphics are used to grab the attention of consumers and to help them see products in a new light. The use of computer graphics in a commercial for canned goods, for instance, gave a new image to the tin can.

According to paragraph 2, market research inclues _______.

A. studying television ratings

B. hiring researchers with backgrounds in many fields

C. searcihng for talented workers

D. determining the price of a product

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions from 24 to 25.

Several chapters of Joan Steer’s book describe illegitimate gambling activities in California in the 1970s.

A. lawful

B. unusual 

C. prosperous

D. prohibited

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Yes, we went away on holiday last week, but it rained day in day out.

A. every single day.

B.  every other day.

C.  every two days

D.  every second day.

Are you a music-lover between the ages of fourteen and eighteen? Would you like to go to a festival with friends of the same age as you? Then this music festival is for you! For most music festivals, you have to be eighteen before you can go without an adult, but the Underage Festival is different. You must be between fourteen and eighteen.

The Underage Festival is a day of music and fun for teenagers. It takes place in Victoria Park, London, in August. It’s a one-day festival - it starts at 11.30 a.m. and the music goes on until 8 p.m.

Sam Kilcoyne is the main organizer of the festival. He started the Underage Festival in 2007 when he was only fifteen years old. It’s a small festival with 10,000 people but the best thing about it is that there are no adults! Parents can wait for their children outside the gate, but they can’t come in to the festival.

But parents don't need to worry! The organization is great and it's a safe and peaceful festival. You can’t bring food or drink into the festival, but there are lots of restaurant tents with a variety of food and drink - from pizzas to burgers and Chinese to Mexican. We recommend the pizza tent. On the festival website, there's a page for parents with all the information they need.

There's a big variety of music, everything from indie to hip hop, electronic to heavy metal. There’s even a silent disco where everyone wears headphones. There are six stages. The main stage is outside and the other five are in huge tents. Sometimes, it feels a little crowded in the tents, but the big names usually play on the main stage. Sometimes it’s difficult to choose which band to watch because they only play for thirty minutes. But in general, the music is fantastic and the teenagers are happy.

Question: What is the author of the article trying to do?

A. give practical information about travel and cost

B.  recommend the festival

C. review the music

D.  describe his/her experiences

Quen nhờn là hình thức học tập mà

A. Động vật không trả lời khi kích thích không liên tục mà không gây nguy hiểm gì.

B. Động vật không trả lời khi kích thích ngắn gọn mà không gây nguy hiểm gì.

C. Động vật không trả lời khi kích thích lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần mà không gây nguy hiểm gì.

D. Động vật không trả lời khi kích thích giảm dần cường độ mà không gây nguy hiểm gì.