Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2010=a\\2009-x=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo đề bài ta có:
\(\dfrac{\left(2009-x\right)^2+\left(2009-x\right)\left(x-2010\right)+\left(x-2010\right)^2}{\left(2009-x\right)^2-\left(2009-x\right)\left(x-2010\right)+\left(x-2010\right)^2}=\dfrac{19}{49}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b^2+ab+a^2}{b^2-ab+a^2}=\dfrac{19}{49}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow19\left(b^2-ab+a^2\right)=49\left(b^2+ab+a^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow19b^2-19ab+19a^2-49b^2-49ab-49a^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-30a^2-68ab-30b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\left(15a^2+34ab+15b^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15a^2+34ab+15b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15a^2+25ab+9ab+15b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5a\left(3a+5b\right)+3b\left(3a+5b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3a+5b\right)\left(5a+3b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3a+5b=0\\5a+3b=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3\left(x-2010\right)+5\left(2009-x\right)=0\\5\left(x-2010\right)+3\left(2009-x\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-6030+10045-5x=0\\5x-10050+6027-3x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-2x+4015=0\\2x-4023=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-2x=-4015\\2x=4023\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-4015}{-2}=2007,5\\x=\dfrac{4023}{2}=2011,5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2007,5\\x=2011,5\end{matrix}\right.\)