Bài 1:
a) Ta có \(\left|x\right|\ge0\) (với mọi \(x\))
Mà \(\left|x\right|\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\left|x\right|\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x\right|\in\left\{0;1;2;3\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;1;2;3;-1;-2;-3\right\}\)
b) Ta có: \(\left|x-1\right|\ge0\) (với mọi \(x\))
Mà \(\left|x-1\right|\le4\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\left|x-1\right|\le4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-1\right|\in\left\{0;1;2;3;4\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1\in\left\{0;1;-1;2;-2;3;-3;4;-4\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1;2;0;3;-1;4;-2;5;-3\right\}\)
Bài 2:
\(A=4+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{20}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{20}\)
Đặt \(B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{20}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{21}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B-B=\left(2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{21}\right)-\left(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{20}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=2^{21}-2\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2+2^{21}-2\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2^{21}\)