D= 2( x^2  + 3x) -5

= 2( x^2 +2.3/2 .x +(3/2)^2 -9/4) - 5

= 2( x+3/2)^2 - 9/2 - 5

= 2 ( x+3/2)^2 - 19/2

a, A= x^2-x +1=x^2-1/2.x.2+1/4 + 3/4=(x- 1/2)^2+3/4 lớn hơn hoặc = 3/4

b,c tương tự

\(a,=x^2+2.x.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\)

\(b,=9x^2+2.3x.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{19}{4}=\left(3x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{19}{4}\)

\(c,=16x^2-2.4x+1+6=\left(4x-1\right)^2+6\)

Bài 1: 

a) \(a^2-6a+9=\left(a-3\right)^2\)

b) \(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2+2xy^2+4y^4=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x+2y^2\right)^2\)

Bài 2:

a)  \(\Leftrightarrow-9x^2+30x-25+9x^2+18x+9=30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow48x=46\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{23}{24}\)

b) \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+8x+16-x^2+1=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{8}\)

a) \(x^2+2x+1\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)^2\)

b) \(9-24x+16x^2\)

\(=\left(3-4x\right)^2\)

c) \(4x^2+\dfrac{1}{4}+2x\)

\(=4x^2+2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(=\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)

\(x^2-6x+9=x^2-2.3x+3^2=\left(x-3\right)^2\)

\(\frac{1}{4}a^2+2ab^2+4b^4=\left(\frac{1}{2}a\right)^2+2.\frac{1}{2}a.2b^2+\left(2b\right)^2=\left(\frac{1}{2}a+2b\right)^2\)

\(25+10x+x^2=5^2+2.5x+x^2=\left(5+x\right)^2\)

\(\frac{1}{9}-\frac{2}{3}y^4+y^8=\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^2-2.\frac{1}{3}y^4+\left(y^4\right)^2=\left(\frac{1}{3}-y^4\right)^2\)

a,(x-3)^2

b,(1/4x+2b^2)^2

c,(5+x)^2

d,(1/3-y^4)^2

sorry ,phần b fải là (1/2a+2b^2)^2

\(a,5\left(x-y\right)-3x\left(y-x\right)=5\left(x-y\right)+3x\left(x-y\right)=\left(5+3x\right)\left(x-y\right)\\ b,x^2-4xy+4y^2=\left(x-2y\right)^2\\ c,\left(x+1\right)^2+x\left(5-x\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow x^2+2x+1+5x-x^2=0\\ \Rightarrow7x+1=0\\ \Rightarrow7x=-1\\ \Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{7}\)

a: =(x-y)(5+3x)

c: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1+5x-x^2=0\)

hay x=-1/3

1, \(x^2+2xy+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2\)

2, \(4x^2+12x+9=\left(2x\right)^2+2\cdot3\cdot2x+3^2=\left(2x+3\right)^2\)

3, \(x^2+5x+\dfrac{25}{4}=x^2+2\cdot\dfrac{5}{2}\cdot x+\left(\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2=\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2\)

4, \(16x^2-8x+1=\left(4x\right)^2-2\cdot4x\cdot1+1^2=\left(4x-1\right)^2\)

5, \(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}=x^2+2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot x+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)

1: =(x+y)^2

2: =(2x+3)^2

3: =(x+5/2)^2

4: =(4x-1)^2

5: =(x+1/2)^2

6: =(x-3/2)^2

7: =(x+1)^3

8: =(1/2x+1)^2

9: =(3y-1/3)^3

10: =(2x+y)^3

6, \(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}=x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\)

7, \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1=x^3+3\cdot x^2\cdot1+3\cdot x\cdot1^2+1^3=\left(x+1\right)^3\)

8, \(\dfrac{x^2}{4}+x+1=\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)^2+2\cdot\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot1+1^2=\left(\dfrac{x}{2}+1\right)^2\)

9, \(27y^3-9y^2+y-\dfrac{1}{27}=\left(3y\right)^3-3\cdot\left(3y\right)^2\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}+3\cdot3y\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3=\left(3y-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3\)

10, \(8x^3+12x^2y+6xy^2+y^3=\left(2x\right)^3+3\cdot\left(2x\right)^2\cdot y+3\cdot2x\cdot y^2+y^3=\left(2x+y\right)^3\)