\(a.\) Ta có: 

 \(MTC:\)  \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\)

 Do đó

\(\frac{3x}{x+1}=\frac{3x\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)

\(\frac{x+4}{x+2}=\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)

\(b.\)  Ta có: 

\(x^2+x=x\left(x+1\right)\)

\(x^2-1=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

nên  \(MTC:\)  \(x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

Do đó:

\(\frac{5}{x^2+x}=\frac{5}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{5\left(x-1\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)

\(\frac{6}{x^2-1}=\frac{6}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{6x}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)

\(c.\)  Ta có:

\(x^2-5x+4=x^2-x-4x+4=x\left(x-1\right)-4\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)\)

\(2x^2-8x=2x\left(x-4\right)\)

nên  \(MTC:\)  \(2x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)\)

Do đó: 

\(\frac{4}{x^2-5x+4}=\frac{4}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}=\frac{8x}{2x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}\)

\(\frac{x+1}{2x^2-8x}=\frac{x+1}{2x\left(x-4\right)}=\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{2x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}\)

Làm nốt d :P

\(\frac{x+3}{2x^2-15x-8};\frac{3}{x^2-8x}\)

Ta có : \(2x^2-15x-8=\left(2x+1\right)\left(x-8\right)\)

\(x^2-8x=x\left(x-8\right)\)

MTC : \(x\left(x-8\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)

\(\frac{x+3}{2x^2-15x-8}=\frac{x+3}{\left(2x+1\right)\left(x-8\right)}=\frac{x^2+3x}{x\left(x-8\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)

\(\frac{3}{x^2-8x}=\frac{3}{x\left(x-8\right)}=\frac{6x+3}{x\left(x-8\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)

cho mình hỏi là giữa khác phân số với nhua là phải có dấu như là công, trừ, nhân hay chia chứ? 

\(\dfrac{x^2-4}{x^2+2x}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{x-2}{x}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{x\left(x-2\right)}\)

\(\dfrac{x}{x-2}=\dfrac{x^2}{x\left(x-2\right)}\)

a) \(\dfrac{1}{x^3-8}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)}=\dfrac{2}{2\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)}\)

\(\dfrac{3}{4-2x}=\dfrac{-3}{2\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{-3\left(x^2+2x+4\right)}{2\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)}\)

b) \(\dfrac{x}{x^2-1}=\dfrac{x}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{x^2+2x+1}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{x-1}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-1\right)}\)

c) \(\dfrac{1}{x+2}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{x^2-4x+4}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\dfrac{x+2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}\)

\(\dfrac{5}{2-x}=\dfrac{-5}{x-2}=\dfrac{-5\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}\)

d) \(\dfrac{1}{3x+3y}=\dfrac{1}{3\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2}\)

\(\dfrac{2x}{x^2-y^2}=\dfrac{2x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}=\dfrac{6x\left(x-y\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2}\)

\(\dfrac{x^2-xy+y^2}{x^2-2xy+y^2}=\dfrac{x^2-xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}=\dfrac{3\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2}=\dfrac{3\left(x^3+y^3\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2}\)

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